Film is Theater Movie Dothan Alabama a term that encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film as Theater Movie Dothan Alabama an art form, and the motion picture industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world Theater Movie Dothan Alabama with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects.
Films are cultural artifacts created Theater Movie Dothan Alabama by specific Theater Movie Dothan Alabama cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama affect them. Film is Theater Movie Dothan Alabama considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment and a powerful method for educating � or indoctrinating � citizens. The visual elements of cinema Theater Movie Dothan Alabama gives motion pictures a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama universal power Elf Movie Clip of communication. Some films have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue.
Traditional films are made up of Disney Movie Rewards Club a series of individual images called frames. When these images Theater Movie Dothan Alabama are Theater Movie Dothan Alabama shown rapidly in succession, a viewer has the illusion that Theater Movie Dothan Alabama motion is occurring. The Theater Movie Dothan Alabama viewer cannot see the flickering between frames due to an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a
The origin of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the name "film" comes from the fact that photographic film Theater Movie Dothan Alabama (also called film stock) had historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many Theater Movie Dothan Alabama other terms Theater Movie Dothan Alabama exist for an individual motion Theater Movie Dothan Alabama picture, including picture, picture show, photo-play, flick, and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama field in general include the big screen, the silver screen, the cinema, and the movies.In the 1860s, mechanisms for producing Theater Movie Dothan Alabama artificially created, two-dimensional Theater Movie Dothan Alabama images in motion were demonstrated with devices such as the zoetrope and the praxinoscope. These machines were outgrowths of simple optical devices (such as magic lanterns) and would display sequences of still pictures at Theater Movie Dothan Alabama sufficient speed for the images on the pictures to appear to be moving, a phenomenon called persistence of vision. Naturally, the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama images needed to be carefully designed to achieve Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the desired effect � and the underlying principle became the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama basis for the development Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of film Theater Movie Dothan Alabama animation.
A Theater Movie Dothan Alabama frame from Roundhay Garden Scene, the world's earliest film, by Louis Le Prince, 1888
With What Women Want Movie the development of celluloid film for still photography, it became possible to directly capture objects in motion Theater Movie Dothan Alabama in real time. Early versions of the technology sometimes Theater Movie Dothan Alabama required a person to look into a viewing machine to see the pictures Theater Movie Dothan Alabama which were separate Theater Movie Dothan Alabama paper prints attached to a drum Theater Movie Dothan Alabama turned by a handcrank. The pictures were shown at a variable speed of about 5 to 10 pictures per second depending on how rapidly the crank was turned. Some of these machines were coin operated. By the 1880s, the development of the motion picture camera allowed the individual component images to Theater Movie Dothan Alabama be captured and stored on a single reel, and led quickly to the development of a motion picture projector to shine light through the processed and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama printed film and magnify these "moving Theater Movie Dothan Alabama picture shows" onto a screen for an entire audience. These reels, so exhibited, came to be known as "motion pictures". Early Theater Movie Dothan Alabama motion pictures were static shots that showed an event or action with no editing or other cinematic techniques.
Ignoring Dickson's early sound experiments (1894), commercial motion pictures were purely visual art through the late Theater Movie Dothan Alabama 19th century, but these innovative silent films had gained a hold on the public imagination. Around the turn of the twentieth century, films began developing a narrative structure by stringing scenes together to tell narratives. The scenes were later broken up Theater Movie Dothan Alabama into multiple shots of varying sizes and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama angles. Other techniques such as camera Theater Movie Dothan Alabama movement were realized as effective ways to portray a story on film. Rather Theater Movie Dothan Alabama than leave the audience in silence, theater owners would Theater Movie Dothan Alabama hire a pianist Theater Movie Dothan Alabama or organist or a full orchestra to play music fitting the mood of the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film at any given moment. By the early 1920s, most Theater Movie Dothan Alabama films came with a prepared list of sheet music for this purpose, with complete film scores being composed Theater Movie Dothan Alabama for major productions.
A Theater Movie Dothan Alabama shot from Georges Melies Le Voyage dans la Lune (A Trip to the Moon) (1902), an early narrative film.
The rise of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama European cinema was interrupted Theater Movie Dothan Alabama by the breakout of World War I while the film industry in United States flourished with the rise of Hollywood. However in the 1920s, European filmmakers such as Sergei Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Eisenstein, F. W. Murnau, and Fritz Lang, along with American innovator D. W. Griffith and the contributions of Charles Chaplin, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Buster Keaton and others, continued to advance the medium. In the 1920s, new Theater Movie Dothan Alabama technology allowed filmmakers to attach to each film a soundtrack of speech, music and sound effects synchronized with the action on the screen. These sound films were initially distinguished by calling them "talking Theater Movie Dothan Alabama pictures", Theater Movie Dothan Alabama or talkies.
The Theater Movie Dothan Alabama next major step in the development of cinema was the introduction of so-called "natural" color. While the addition of sound quickly eclipsed silent film and theater musicians, color was adopted more gradually as methods evolved making it more practical and cost effective to produce "natural color" films. The public was relatively indifferent to color photography as opposed to black-and-white,[citation needed] but as color processes improved Theater Movie Dothan Alabama and became as affordable as black-and-white film, more and more movies were filmed in color after the end of World War II, as the industry in America came to view color as essential to attracting audiences in its competition with television, which remained a black-and-white medium until the mid-1960s. By the end of the 1960s, col
Since the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama decline of the studio system in the 1960s, the succeeding decades saw changes in the production and style of film. New Hollywood, French New Wave and the rise of film school educated independent filmmakers were all part of the changes Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the medium experienced in the latter half of the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama 20th century. Digital technology has been the driving force in change throughout the 1990s and into the 21st century.
Theory
Main article: Film theory
Film theory seeks to develop concise and systematic concepts that apply to the study of film as art. It was started Theater Movie Dothan Alabama by Ricciotto Canudo's The Birth Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of The Burning Movie the Sixth Art. Formalist film theory, led by Rudolf Arnheim, Bela Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Balazs, and Siegfried Kracauer, emphasized how Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film differed from reality, and thus could be considered a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama valid fine art. Andre Bazin reacted against this Theater Movie Dothan Alabama theory by arguing that Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film's Theater Movie Dothan Alabama artistic essence lay in its ability to mechanically reproduce reality not in its Theater Movie Dothan Alabama differences from reality, and this gave rise to realist theory. More recent analysis spurred by Lacan's psychoanalysis and Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics among other things has given rise to Theater Movie Dothan Alabama psychoanalytical film theory, structuralist film theory, feminist film theory and others.
Criticism
Main article: Film criticism
Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of films. In general, these works can be divided into two categories: academic criticism by film scholars and journalistic film criticism that appears regularly in newspapers and other media.
Film critics working for newspapers, magazines, and broadcast media mainly Theater Movie Dothan Alabama review new releases. Normally they Theater Movie Dothan Alabama only see any given film once and have only a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama day Theater Movie Dothan Alabama or two to formulate opinions. Despite this, critics have an important impact on films, especially those of certain genres. Mass marketed action, horror, and comedy films tend not to be greatly affected by a critic's overall judgment of a film. The plot summary and description of a film that makes up the majority of any film review can still have an important impact on whether people decide to see Theater Movie Dothan Alabama a film. For prestige films such Theater Movie Dothan Alabama as most dramas, the influence of reviews is extremely important. Poor reviews Theater Movie Dothan Alabama will often doom a film Theater Movie Dothan Alabama to obscurity and financial loss.
The impact of a reviewer on a given film's box office performance is a matter of debate. Some claim that movie marketing is now so intense and well financed that reviewers cannot make Theater Movie Dothan Alabama an impact against it. However, the cataclysmic failure of some heavily-promoted movies which were harshly reviewed, as well as the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama unexpected success of critically praised independent movies indicates that extreme critical reactions Theater Movie Dothan Alabama can have Theater Movie Dothan Alabama considerable influence. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Others note that positive film reviews have Theater Movie Dothan Alabama been Theater Movie Dothan Alabama shown to spark interest in little-known films. Conversely, there have been several films in which Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film companies have so little confidence that they refuse to give reviewers Theater Movie Dothan Alabama an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of the film. However, this usually backfires as reviewers are wise to the tactic and warn the public that the film Theater Movie Dothan Alabama may not be Theater Movie Dothan Alabama worth seeing and the films often do poorly as a result.
It is argued that journalist Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film critics should only be known as film reviewers, and true film critics are those who take a more academic approach to films. This line of work is more often known as film theory or film studies. These film critics attempt to come to understand how film and filming techniques work, and what effect they Theater Movie Dothan Alabama have on people. Rather than having their works published in newspapers or appear Theater Movie Dothan Alabama on television, their articles are published in scholarly journals, or sometimes in up-market magazines. They Theater Movie Dothan Alabama also tend Theater Movie Dothan Alabama to be affiliated with colleges or universities.
Industry
Main article: Film industry
The making and showing of motion pictures became a source of profit almost as soon as the process was invented. Upon seeing how successful their Theater Movie Dothan Alabama new invention, and its product, was in their native France, the Lumieres Theater Movie Dothan Alabama quickly set about Theater Movie Dothan Alabama touring the Continent to exhibit the first films privately to Theater Movie Dothan Alabama royalty and publicly to the masses. In each country, they would normally add new, local scenes to their catalogue and, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama quickly enough, found Theater Movie Dothan Alabama local entrepreneurs in the various countries of Europe to buy their Theater Movie Dothan Alabama equipment and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama photograph, export, import and screen additional product commercially. The Oberammergau Passion Play Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of 1898[citation needed] was the first commercial motion picture ever produced. Other pictures soon followed, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama and motion pictures became Theater Movie Dothan Alabama a separate industry that overshadowed the vaudeville world. Dedicated theaters Theater Movie Dothan Alabama and companies formed specifically Theater Movie Dothan Alabama to Theater Movie Dothan Alabama produce and distribute films, while motion picture actors became major Theater Movie Dothan Alabama celebrities and commanded Theater Movie Dothan Alabama huge Theater Movie Dothan Alabama fees for Theater Movie Dothan Alabama their performances. Already by 1917, Charlie Chaplin had a contract that called for an annual salary of one million dollars.
|
In the United States today, much of the film industry is Theater Movie Dothan Alabama centered around Hollywood. Other regional centers exist Theater Movie Dothan Alabama in many parts of the world, such as Mumbai-centered Bollywood, the Indian Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film industry's Hindi cinema which Theater Movie Dothan Alabama produces the largest number of films in the world.[1] Whether the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama ten thousand-plus feature Theater Movie Dothan Alabama length films a year produced by the Valley pornographic film Theater Movie Dothan Alabama industry should qualify for Theater Movie Dothan Alabama this title is Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the source of some debate.[citation needed] Though the expense involved Theater Movie Dothan Alabama in making Theater Movie Dothan Alabama movies has led cinema production to concentrate under the auspices of movie studios, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama recent advances in Theater Movie Dothan Alabama affordable film making equipment have allowed Theater Movie Dothan Alabama independent film productions to flourish.
Profit is a key force in the industry, due to the costly and risky nature of filmmaking; many films have large cost overruns, a notorious example being Kevin Costner's Waterworld. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Yet many filmmakers strive to create works of lasting social significance. The Academy Awards (also known as "the Oscars") are the most prominent film awards in the United States, providing recognition each year to films, ostensibly based on their artistic merits.
There is also a large industry for educational and instructional films made in lieu of or in addition to lectures and texts.
Preview
A Theater Movie Dothan Alabama preview performance refers to a showing of a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama movie to a select Theater Movie Dothan Alabama audience, usually for the purposes of corporate promotions, before the public film premiere itself. Previews are sometimes Theater Movie Dothan Alabama used to judge audience reaction, which Theater Movie Dothan Alabama if unexpectedly negative, may result in recutting or even refilming certain sections. (cf Audience response.)
Trailer
Main article: Trailer (film)
Trailers or Theater Movie Dothan Alabama previews are film advertisements for films that Theater Movie Dothan Alabama will be exhibited in the future at a cinema, on whose screen they are shown. The term "trailer" comes from their having originally been shown at the end of a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film programme. That practice did not last long, because patrons tended to leave the theater after the films ended, but Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the name has stuck. Trailers are now shown before the film (or the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama A movie Theater Movie Dothan Alabama in a double feature program) begins.
The nature of the film determines the size and type of crew required during filmmaking. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Many Hollywood adventure films need computer generated imagery (CGI), created by dozens of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama 3D modellers, animators, rotoscopers and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama compositors. However, a low-budget, independent film Theater Movie Dothan Alabama may be made with a skeleton crew, often paid very little. Also, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama an open source film may be produced through open, collaborative Theater Movie Dothan Alabama processes. Filmmaking takes Theater Movie Dothan Alabama place all over the world using Theater Movie Dothan Alabama different technologies, styles of acting and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama genre, and is produced in a variety of economic contexts that range from state-sponsored documentary in China to profit-oriented movie making within the American studio system.
This production cycle typically takes three years. The first year is taken Theater Movie Dothan Alabama up with development. The Theater Movie Dothan Alabama second year comprises preproduction and production. The third year, post-production and distribution.
Crew
Main article: Film crew
A film crew is a group of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama people Theater Movie Dothan Alabama hired by a film company, employed during the "production" or "photography" phase, for the purpose of producing a film or motion picture. Crew are distinguished from cast, the actors who appear in front of the camera or provide voices for characters in the film. The crew interacts Theater Movie Dothan Alabama with but is also distinct from the production staff, consisting of producers, managers, company representatives, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama their Theater Movie Dothan Alabama assistants, and those whose primary Theater Movie Dothan Alabama responsibility Theater Movie Dothan Alabama falls in pre-production or post-production phases, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama such as writers and editors. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Communication between production and crew generally passes through the director Theater Movie Dothan Alabama and his/her staff of assistants. Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments with well defined hierarchies Theater Movie Dothan Alabama and standards for interaction and cooperation between the departments. Other than acting, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the crew handles everything in the photography Theater Movie Dothan Alabama phase: props and costumes, shooting, sound, electrics (i.e., lights), sets, and production special Theater Movie Dothan Alabama effects. Caterers (known in the film industry as "craft services") are usually not considered part of the crew.
Technology
Film stock consists of transparent celluloid, acetate, or polyester base coated with Theater Movie Dothan Alabama an emulsion containing light-sensitive chemicals. Cellulose nitrate was the first type of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film base Theater Movie Dothan Alabama used Theater Movie Dothan Alabama to record motion pictures, but due to its flammability was eventually replaced by Theater Movie Dothan Alabama safer materials. Stock Theater Movie Dothan Alabama widths and the film format for images on the reel have had a rich history, though most large commercial films are still shot on (and distributed to theaters) as 35 mm Theater Movie Dothan Alabama prints.
Originally moving picture film was shot and projected at various speeds using hand-cranked cameras and projectors; though 1000 frames per minute (16? frame/s) is generally cited as a standard Theater Movie Dothan Alabama silent speed, research indicates most films were shot between 16 frame/s and 23 Theater Movie Dothan Alabama frame/s and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama projected from 18 frame/s Theater Movie Dothan Alabama on up (often reels included instructions on how fast Theater Movie Dothan Alabama each scene should be shown) [1]. When sound film was introduced in the late 1920s, a constant speed was required for the sound head. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama 24 frames per second was chosen because it was the slowest (and thus cheapest) speed which allowed for sufficient sound quality. Improvements since the late 19th century include the mechanization of cameras � Theater Movie Dothan Alabama allowing them to record Theater Movie Dothan Alabama at a consistent speed, quiet camera design � allowing sound recorded on-set to be usable without requiring large "blimps" to encase the camera, the invention of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama more sophisticated filmstocks and lenses, allowing directors to film in increasingly dim Theater Movie Dothan Alabama conditions, and the development of synchronized sound, allowing sound to be recorded at exactly the same speed as its corresponding action. The soundtrack can be recorded separately from shooting the film, but for live-action pictures many parts of the soundtrack are usually recorded simultaneously.
As a medium, film is not limited to motion pictures, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama since the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama technology developed as the basis Theater Movie Dothan Alabama for photography. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama It can be Theater Movie Dothan Alabama used to present a progressive sequence of still images in the form Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of a slideshow. Film has also been incorporated into multimedia presentations, and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama often has Theater Movie Dothan Alabama importance as primary historical documentation. However, historic films have problems in terms of preservation and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama storage, and the motion picture Theater Movie Dothan Alabama industry is Theater Movie Dothan Alabama exploring many alternatives. Most movies on cellulose nitrate base have been copied onto modern safety films. Some studios save color films through the use of separation masters � three B&W negatives each exposed through red, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama green, or blue filters Theater Movie Dothan Alabama (essentially a reverse of the Technicolor process). Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Digital methods have Theater Movie Dothan Alabama also been used to restore films, although their continued obsolescence Theater Movie Dothan Alabama cycle makes Theater Movie Dothan Alabama them (as of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama 2006) a poor choice for long-term preservation. Film preservation of decaying film stock is a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama matter of concern to both film historians and archivists, and to companies interested in preserving Theater Movie Dothan Alabama their existing products in order to make them available to future generations (and thereby increase revenue). Preservation is Theater Movie Dothan Alabama generally a higher-concern for nitrate and single-strip color films, due to their high decay rates; black and white films on Theater Movie Dothan Alabama safety bases and color films preserved on Technicolor imbibition prints tend to keep up much better, assuming proper handling and storage.
Some Theater Movie Dothan Alabama films in recent decades have been recorded using analog video technology similar to that used Theater Movie Dothan Alabama in television production. Modern digital video cameras and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama digital projectors are gaining ground as well. These approaches are Theater Movie Dothan Alabama extremely beneficial to moviemakers, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama especially because footage can be evaluated and edited without waiting for the film stock to be Theater Movie Dothan Alabama processed. Yet Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the migration is gradual, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama and as Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of 2005 most Theater Movie Dothan Alabama major motion pictures are still recorded on film.
Independent
Main article: Independent Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film
The Lumiere Brothers
Independent filmmaking often takes place outside of Hollywood, or other Reno Air Race Movie major studio systems. An independent film (or indie film) is a film initially produced without financing or Theater Movie Dothan Alabama distribution from a major Theater Movie Dothan Alabama movie studio. Creative, business, and technological reasons have all contributed to the growth of the indie film scene in Where Can I Watch Movie Clips the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama late 20th and early 21st century.
On Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the business side, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the costs of big-budget studio films also leads to conservative choices in cast and crew. There is a trend in Hollywood towards co-financing (over Theater Movie Dothan Alabama two-thirds of the films put out by Warner Bros. in Theater Movie Dothan Alabama 2000 were joint ventures, up from 10% in 1987).[2] Theater Movie Dothan Alabama A hopeful director is almost never given the opportunity Theater Movie Dothan Alabama to get a job on a big-budget studio film unless he or she has significant industry experience in film or television. Also, the studios rarely produce films Theater Movie Dothan Alabama with unknown actors, particularly in lead roles.
Before the advent of digital alternatives, the cost of professional film equipment and stock Theater Movie Dothan Alabama was also a hurdle to being able to produce, direct, or star in a traditional studio film. The cost of 35 mm film is outpacing inflation: in 2002 alone, film negative costs were up 23%, according to Variety.[2].
But the advent of consumer camcorders in 1985, and more importantly, the arrival Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of high-resolution digital video in the early 1990s, have lowered the technology barrier to movie production significantly. Both Theater Movie Dothan Alabama production and post-production costs have been significantly lowered; today, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama hardware and software Theater Movie Dothan Alabama for post-production can be installed in a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama commodity-based personal computer. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Technologies Theater Movie Dothan Alabama such as DVDs, FireWire connections and non-linear editing system pro-level software like Adobe Premiere Pro, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Sony Vegas and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Apple's Final Cut Pro, and consumer level Theater Movie Dothan Alabama software such as Apple's Final Cut Express Theater Movie Dothan Alabama and iMovie make movie-making relatively inexpensive.
|
Since the introduction of DV technology, the means of production have become more democratized. Filmmakers can Theater Movie Dothan Alabama conceivably shoot and edit a movie, create and edit the sound and music, and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama mix the final cut on a home computer. However, while the means of production may be democratized, financing, distribution, and marketing remain difficult to accomplish Theater Movie Dothan Alabama outside the traditional system. Most Theater Movie Dothan Alabama independent filmmakers rely on film festivals to get Theater Movie Dothan Alabama their films Theater Movie Dothan Alabama noticed Theater Movie Dothan Alabama and sold for distribution. The arrival of internet-based video outlets such as YouTube and Veoh has further changed the film Theater Movie Dothan Alabama making landscape in Chrsitina Model Topless Movie ways that are still to be determined.
Open content film
Main Theater Movie Dothan Alabama article: Open content film
An open content film is Theater Movie Dothan Alabama much like an independent film, but it is produced through open collaborations; its source material Theater Movie Dothan Alabama is available under a license which Theater Movie Dothan Alabama is Theater Movie Dothan Alabama permissive enough to Theater Movie Dothan Alabama allow other parties to create fan fiction or derivative works, than a traditional copyright. Like independent filmmaking, open source filmmaking takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems.
Fan film
Main article: Fan film
A fan film is a film or video inspired by a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film, television program, comic book or a similar source, created by fans rather than by the source's copyright holders or creators. Fan filmmakers have traditionally Theater Movie Dothan Alabama been amateurs, but some of the more notable films have actually been Theater Movie Dothan Alabama produced by professional filmmakers as film school class projects Theater Movie Dothan Alabama or as demonstration reels. Fan films vary tremendously in length, from short Theater Movie Dothan Alabama faux-teaser Theater Movie Dothan Alabama trailers Theater Movie Dothan Alabama for non-existent Making Supernatural Movie motion pictures to rarer full-length motion pictures
Animation is the technique in which each frame of a film is produced individually, whether generated as a computer Theater Movie Dothan Alabama graphic, or Theater Movie Dothan Alabama by Theater Movie Dothan Alabama photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to a model unit (see claymation and stop motion), and then photographing the result with a special animation camera. When the frames are strung together and the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama resulting film Theater Movie Dothan Alabama is viewed at a speed of 16 or Theater Movie Dothan Alabama more frames per second, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama there is an illusion of continuous movement (due to the persistence of vision). Generating Theater Movie Dothan Alabama such Theater Movie Dothan Alabama a film is very labour intensive and tedious, though the development of computer animation Theater Movie Dothan Alabama has greatly sped up the process.
File formats like Theater Movie Dothan Alabama GIF, QuickTime, Shockwave and Flash allow animation Theater Movie Dothan Alabama to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
Because animation is very time-consuming and often very expensive to produce, the majority of animation for TV and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama movies comes Theater Movie Dothan Alabama from Theater Movie Dothan Alabama professional animation studios. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama However, the field of independent Theater Movie Dothan Alabama animation has existed at least since the 1950s, with animation being produced by Theater Movie Dothan Alabama independent studios (and sometimes Theater Movie Dothan Alabama by a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama single person). Several independent animation Theater Movie Dothan Alabama producers have gone Theater Movie Dothan Alabama on to enter the professional animation industry.
Limited animation is a way of increasing production and decreasing costs of animation by using "short cuts" in the animation process. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama This method was pioneered by UPA and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama popularized by Hanna-Barbera, and adapted by other studios as cartoons moved from movie theaters to Theater Movie Dothan Alabama television.[3]
Although most animation studios are now using digital Theater Movie Dothan Alabama technologies in Theater Movie Dothan Alabama their productions, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama there is a specific style Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of animation Theater Movie Dothan Alabama that depends on film. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Cameraless animation, made famous Theater Movie Dothan Alabama by moviemakers like Norman McLaren, Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Len Lye Theater Movie Dothan Alabama and Stan Brakhage, is painted and drawn directly onto pieces Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of film, and then run Theater Movie Dothan Alabama through a projector.
Venues
When it is initially produced, a feature film is often shown to audiences in a movie theater or cinema. The first theater designed Theater Movie Dothan Alabama exclusively for Theater Movie Dothan Alabama cinema opened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1905.[4] Thousands of such theaters were built or converted from existing facilities Theater Movie Dothan Alabama within a few years.[5] In the United States, these theaters came to be known as nickelodeons, because admission typically cost a nickel (five cents).
Typically, one film is the featured presentation (or feature Theater Movie Dothan Alabama film). Before the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama 1970s, there were "double features"; typically, a high quality Theater Movie Dothan Alabama "A picture" rented by an independent theater for a lump sum, and a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama "B picture" of lower quality rented for a percentage of the gross receipts. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Today, the bulk of the material shown before the feature film consists of previews for Theater Movie Dothan Alabama upcoming movies and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama paid advertisements (also known Theater Movie Dothan Alabama as trailers or "The Twenty").
Historically, all mass marketed feature films were made to be shown in movie theaters. The development of television has allowed films to be broadcast to Theater Movie Dothan Alabama larger audiences, usually after the film Theater Movie Dothan Alabama is no longer being shown Theater Movie Dothan Alabama in theaters. Recording technology has also enabled consumers to rent or buy copies Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of films on VHS or DVD (and the older formats of laserdisc, VCD and Theater Movie Dothan Alabama SelectaVision � see also videodisc), and Internet downloads may be available and have started to become revenue sources for the film companies. Some films Theater Movie Dothan Alabama are now made specifically for these Theater Movie Dothan Alabama other venues, being released as made-for-TV movies or direct-to-video movies. Theater Movie Dothan Alabama The production values Theater Movie Dothan Alabama on these films are often considered to be of inferior quality compared to theatrical releases in similar genres, and indeed, some films that are Theater Movie Dothan Alabama rejected by their own studios upon completion are distributed through these markets.
The movie theater pays an average Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of about Theater Movie Dothan Alabama 50-55% of its ticket sales to the movie studio, as film rental fees.[6] The actual percentage starts with a number higher than that, and decreases as Theater Movie Dothan Alabama the duration of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama a film's showing continues, as Theater Movie Dothan Alabama an incentive to theaters to keep movies in the theater longer. However, today's barrage Theater Movie Dothan Alabama of highly marketed movies ensures that most movies Theater Movie Dothan Alabama are shown in first-run theaters for less than 8 weeks. There are a few movies every year that defy this rule, often limited-release movies that start in only a few theaters and actually grow their theater Theater Movie Dothan Alabama count through Theater Movie Dothan Alabama good word-of-mouth and reviews. According to a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama 2000 study by ABN AMRO, about 26% of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama Hollywood movie studios' worldwide income came from Theater Movie Dothan Alabama box office ticket sales; 46% came from VHS and DVD sales to consumers; and 28% came from television (broadcast, cable, and pay-per-view).[6]
Future state
While motion picture films have been around for more than Theater Movie Dothan Alabama a century, film is still a Theater Movie Dothan Alabama relative newcomer in the pantheon X Rated Movie Trailers of Theater Movie Dothan Alabama fine arts. In the 1950s, when television became widely available, industry analysts predicted the demise of local movie theaters. Despite competition from television's increasing technological sophistication over the Theater Movie Dothan Alabama 1960s and 1970s, such as the development of color television and large screens, motion picture cinemas continued. In the 1980s, when the widespread availability of inexpensive videocassette recorders enabled people to select films for Theater Movie Dothan Alabama home |
