Film is a term Movie Amateur that encompasses individual motion Movie Amateur pictures, the field of film as an art form, and Movie Amateur the motion picture Movie Amateur industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects.
Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is considered to Movie Amateur be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment and a powerful method for educating Movie Amateur � or indoctrinating � citizens. The visual elements of cinema gives motion pictures a universal power of Movie Amateur communication. Some films have Movie Amateur become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue.
Traditional films are Movie Amateur made up of a series of individual images called frames. When these images are shown rapidly in succession, a viewer has the Movie Amateur illusion that motion is occurring. The viewer cannot see the flickering between frames due to an effect Movie Amateur known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a
The origin of the name "film" comes from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) had historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other Movie Amateur terms exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, photo-play, flick, and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for the field in general include the big screen, the silver screen, the Movie Amateur cinema, and Movie Amateur the movies.In the 1860s, mechanisms for producing artificially created, Movie Amateur two-dimensional images in motion were demonstrated with devices such as the zoetrope and the praxinoscope. These machines were outgrowths of simple Movie Amateur optical devices (such as magic lanterns) and would display sequences of still pictures Movie Amateur at sufficient speed for the images on the pictures to appear to Movie Amateur be moving, a phenomenon called persistence of vision. Naturally, the images needed to be carefully designed to achieve the desired effect � and the underlying principle became the Movie Amateur basis for the development of film animation.
A Movie Amateur frame Making Supernatural Movie from Roundhay Garden Scene, the world's earliest Movie Amateur film, by Movie Amateur Louis Le Prince, 1888
With the development of celluloid film for still photography, it Movie Amateur became possible to directly capture objects in motion Movie Amateur in real time. Early versions of the technology sometimes Movie Amateur required a person to Movie Amateur look into a viewing machine to see the pictures which were separate Movie Amateur paper prints Movie Amateur attached Movie Amateur to a drum Movie Amateur turned by a handcrank. The pictures were shown at a variable speed of about 5 to 10 pictures Movie Amateur per second depending on how rapidly the crank was turned. Some of these machines were coin operated. By the 1880s, the development of the Movie Amateur motion picture camera allowed the individual component images to be captured Movie Amateur and stored on a single reel, and Movie Amateur led quickly to the development of a motion Movie Amateur picture projector to shine light through the processed and printed film and magnify these "moving picture shows" onto a screen for an entire audience. These reels, so exhibited, came to be known as "motion pictures". Early motion pictures were static shots that Movie Amateur showed an event or action with no editing Movie Amateur or other cinematic techniques.
Ignoring Dickson's early sound experiments (1894), commercial motion Movie Amateur pictures were purely visual art through the late 19th century, but these innovative silent films had gained a Movie Amateur hold on the public imagination. Around the turn of the twentieth century, films began developing Movie Amateur a narrative structure by stringing scenes together to tell Movie Amateur narratives. The scenes were later broken up into multiple shots of varying sizes and angles. Movie Amateur Other techniques such as camera movement were realized as effective ways to Movie Amateur portray Movie Amateur a story on film. Rather than leave the audience in silence, theater owners would hire a pianist or organist or a full orchestra to play Movie Amateur music fitting the mood of the film at any given moment. Movie Amateur By the early 1920s, most films Movie Amateur came with a prepared list of sheet music for this Movie Amateur purpose, with complete film scores being composed for major productions.
A shot from Georges Melies Le Voyage dans la Lune (A Trip to the Moon) (1902), an early narrative film.
The rise of European cinema Movie Amateur was interrupted by the breakout of World War I Movie Amateur while the film industry in United States flourished with the rise of Hollywood. However in the 1920s, European filmmakers such as Sergei Eisenstein, F. W. Murnau, and Fritz Lang, along with American innovator D. W. Griffith and the contributions of Charles Chaplin, Buster Keaton and others, continued to advance the medium. In the 1920s, new technology allowed filmmakers to attach to each film a soundtrack of speech, music and sound effects synchronized with Movie Amateur the action on the screen. These sound films were initially distinguished by calling them "talking pictures", or X Rated Movie Trailers talkies.
The next major step in Movie Amateur the development of cinema was the introduction of so-called "natural" Movie Amateur color. Movie Amateur While Movie Amateur the addition of sound quickly eclipsed silent film and theater musicians, color was adopted more gradually as methods evolved making it more practical and cost effective to produce "natural color" films. Movie Amateur The public was relatively indifferent to Movie Amateur color photography as opposed to black-and-white,[citation Movie Amateur needed] but as color processes improved and became as affordable as black-and-white film, more and more movies were filmed in color after the end of World Movie Amateur War II, as the industry in America came to Movie Amateur view color as essential to attracting audiences Movie Amateur in its competition with television, which remained a black-and-white medium until the mid-1960s. By the end Movie Amateur of the 1960s, col
Since the decline of Movie Amateur the studio system in the Movie Amateur 1960s, the succeeding Movie Amateur decades saw changes in the production and style of film. New Hollywood, Dom Deluise Movie French New Wave and the rise of film school educated independent filmmakers were all part of the changes the medium experienced in the latter Movie Amateur half of the 20th century. Digital technology has Movie Amateur been Movie Amateur the driving force in change throughout the 1990s and into the Movie Amateur 21st century.
Theory
Main article: Film Movie Amateur theory
Film theory seeks to develop concise and systematic concepts that apply to the Movie Amateur study of film as art. It was started by Ricciotto Canudo's Movie Amateur The Birth of Movie Amateur the Sixth Art. Formalist film theory, led by Rudolf Arnheim, Bela Balazs, and Siegfried Kracauer, emphasized how film differed from reality, and thus could be considered a Movie Amateur valid fine art. Movie Amateur Andre Bazin reacted against Movie Amateur this theory by arguing that film's artistic essence lay in its ability to Movie Amateur mechanically reproduce Movie Amateur reality not in its differences from reality, and this gave Movie Amateur rise to realist theory. More Movie Amateur recent analysis spurred by Lacan's psychoanalysis and Movie Amateur Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics among other things has given rise to psychoanalytical film theory, structuralist film theory, feminist film theory and others.
Criticism
Main article: Film criticism
Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of films. In general, these works can be divided into two categories: academic criticism Movie Amateur by film scholars and journalistic film criticism that Movie Amateur appears regularly in newspapers Movie Amateur and other media.
Film critics working for newspapers, magazines, and broadcast media mainly review new releases. Normally they only see any given film once and have only a day or two to formulate opinions. Despite this, critics have an Movie Amateur important impact on films, especially Movie Amateur those Movie Amateur of certain genres. Mass marketed action, horror, and comedy films tend not to be greatly Movie Amateur affected by a critic's overall judgment of a film. The plot summary and description of Movie Amateur a film that makes Movie Amateur up the majority of any film review can still have an important impact on whether people decide to see a film. For prestige films such Movie Amateur as most dramas, the influence Movie Amateur of reviews is Movie Amateur extremely important. Poor reviews will often doom a film Movie Amateur to obscurity and financial loss.
The impact of a reviewer on Movie Amateur a given film's box office performance is a matter of Movie Amateur debate. Some claim that Movie Amateur movie marketing is now so intense and well financed that reviewers cannot Movie Amateur make an impact against it. However, the cataclysmic failure of some heavily-promoted movies which were harshly reviewed, as well Movie Amateur as the unexpected success Movie Amateur of critically praised independent movies indicates that extreme critical reactions can have considerable influence. Movie Amateur Others note that positive film reviews have been shown to spark Movie Amateur interest in little-known films. Conversely, there have been several films in which film Movie Amateur companies have so little confidence that they Movie Amateur refuse to give reviewers Movie Amateur an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of the film. However, this usually backfires as reviewers Movie Amateur are wise to the tactic and warn the public that the film may not Movie Amateur be worth seeing and the films often Movie Amateur do poorly as a result.
It is argued that journalist film critics should only Movie Amateur be known as film reviewers, and Movie Amateur true film critics are Movie Amateur those who take a more academic approach to films. This line of work Movie Amateur is more often known as film theory or film studies. These film critics attempt to come to understand how film and filming techniques work, and Movie Amateur what effect they have on people. Rather than having their Movie Amateur works published in Movie Amateur newspapers or appear Movie Amateur on television, their articles are Movie Amateur published in scholarly journals, or sometimes in up-market magazines. They also tend Movie Amateur to Theater Movie Dothan Alabama be affiliated with colleges or universities.
Industry
Main Movie Amateur article: Film industry
The making and showing of motion pictures became a source of profit almost as soon Movie Amateur as the process was invented. Upon seeing how successful their new Movie Amateur invention, and its Movie Amateur product, was in their native France, the Lumieres quickly set about touring the Continent to exhibit the first Movie Amateur films privately to royalty and publicly to the masses. In each country, they would normally Movie Amateur add new, local Movie Amateur scenes to their catalogue and, quickly enough, Movie Amateur found local entrepreneurs in the various countries of Europe to buy their equipment and photograph, export, import and screen additional product commercially. The Oberammergau Passion Play of 1898[citation needed] was the first commercial motion picture ever produced. Other pictures Movie Amateur soon followed, and motion pictures Movie Amateur became a separate industry that overshadowed the vaudeville world. Dedicated theaters and companies formed specifically to produce and distribute Movie Amateur films, while motion picture actors became major celebrities and commanded huge Movie Amateur fees for their performances. Already Movie Amateur by 1917, Charlie Chaplin had a contract that called for an annual salary of one Movie Amateur million dollars.
In Movie Amateur the United States today, much of the Movie Amateur film industry is centered around Hollywood. Other regional Movie Amateur centers exist in many parts of the world, such as Mumbai-centered Bollywood, the Indian film industry's Hindi cinema which produces the largest number of films in the world.[1] Movie Amateur Whether the ten Movie Amateur thousand-plus feature length films a year produced by the Valley pornographic film industry should qualify Movie Amateur for this title is the source of Supersize Me Movie some debate.[citation needed] Though the expense involved in making movies has led Movie Amateur cinema production to concentrate under the auspices of movie studios, recent Movie Amateur advances in affordable film Movie Amateur making equipment have allowed independent film productions to flourish.
Profit is a key force in the industry, due to the costly and risky nature of filmmaking; many films have large cost overruns, a notorious example being Kevin Costner's Waterworld. Yet many filmmakers strive to create works of lasting social significance. The Academy Awards (also known Movie Amateur as "the Oscars") are the most prominent film awards in the Movie Amateur United States, providing recognition each year to films, ostensibly based on their artistic merits.
There is also a large industry for educational and instructional films made in lieu of Movie Amateur or in Movie Amateur addition Movie Amateur to lectures and texts.
Preview
A preview Movie Amateur performance refers to a showing of a movie Movie Amateur to a select audience, usually for Movie Amateur the purposes of corporate promotions, before the public film premiere itself. Previews are Movie Amateur sometimes used to judge audience reaction, which if unexpectedly negative, may result in recutting or even refilming certain sections. (cf Audience response.)
Trailer
Main article: Trailer (film)
Trailers or previews are film advertisements for films that will be exhibited in the future at a cinema, on whose screen they are shown. The term "trailer" comes from their having originally been shown at the end of a film programme. That Movie Amateur practice did not last Movie Amateur long, because Movie Amateur patrons tended to leave the theater after the films ended, but the name Movie Amateur has stuck. Trailers are now shown before the film (or the A movie in a double feature program) begins.
The nature of the film determines the Movie Amateur size and type of crew required during filmmaking. Many Movie Amateur Hollywood adventure films need computer generated imagery (CGI), created by dozens of 3D modellers, animators, rotoscopers and compositors. However, a low-budget, independent film may be made with Movie Amateur a skeleton crew, often paid very little. Also, an open source film may be produced through open, collaborative processes. Filmmaking takes place all over the world using different Movie Amateur technologies, styles of Movie Amateur acting and genre, Movie Amateur and is produced in a variety of economic contexts that range Movie Amateur from state-sponsored documentary in China to profit-oriented movie making Movie Amateur within the American studio system.
This production cycle typically takes three years. The first year is taken up with development. The second year comprises preproduction and production. The third year, post-production and distribution.
Crew
Main article: Film Movie Amateur crew
A film crew is a Movie Amateur group of people hired by a film company, Movie Amateur employed during the "production" or "photography" phase, for the purpose of Movie Amateur producing Movie Amateur a film or motion picture. Crew are distinguished from cast, the actors Movie Amateur who appear in front of the camera or provide Movie Amateur voices for characters in the film. The crew interacts with but is also distinct from the production staff, consisting of Movie Amateur producers, managers, company representatives, their assistants, and those whose primary responsibility falls in pre-production or Movie Amateur post-production phases, such as writers and editors. Movie Amateur Communication between production and crew generally passes Movie Amateur through the director and his/her staff of assistants. Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments with well defined hierarchies and standards for interaction and cooperation between the departments. Other than Movie Amateur acting, the crew handles everything in the photography phase: props and costumes, shooting, sound, electrics (i.e., lights), sets, Movie Amateur and production special effects. Caterers (known in the Movie Amateur film industry as "craft services") are usually not Movie Amateur considered part of the crew.
Technology
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Film stock consists of transparent celluloid, acetate, or polyester base coated with an emulsion containing light-sensitive chemicals. Cellulose nitrate was Movie Amateur the first type of film base used to record motion pictures, but due to its flammability was eventually Movie Amateur replaced by safer materials. Stock widths Movie Amateur and the film format for images on the reel have had a rich history, though most large commercial films are Movie Amateur still shot on (and distributed to Movie Amateur theaters) as 35 mm prints.
Originally Movie Amateur moving picture film was shot Movie Amateur and projected at various speeds using hand-cranked cameras and projectors; though 1000 frames per minute (16? frame/s) is generally cited as a standard silent speed, research indicates most films were shot Movie Amateur between 16 frame/s and 23 frame/s Movie Amateur and projected from 18 frame/s Movie Switchblade Knives on up (often reels included Movie Amateur instructions on how fast each scene should Movie Amateur be shown) Movie Amateur [1]. When sound Movie Amateur film was introduced Movie Amateur in the late Movie Amateur 1920s, a constant Movie Amateur speed was required for the sound head. 24 frames per second was chosen because it was the slowest (and thus cheapest) speed which Movie Amateur allowed for sufficient sound quality. Improvements since the Movie Amateur late 19th century include the mechanization of cameras � allowing Movie Amateur them to record at a consistent Movie Amateur speed, quiet camera design � allowing sound recorded on-set to be usable without requiring large "blimps" to encase the camera, the invention Movie Amateur of more sophisticated filmstocks Movie Amateur and lenses, allowing directors to film in increasingly dim conditions, and the development of Movie Amateur synchronized sound, allowing sound to Movie Amateur be recorded at exactly the same speed as its corresponding action. The soundtrack can be recorded separately from shooting the film, but for live-action pictures many parts of the soundtrack are usually recorded simultaneously.
As a medium, film is not limited to motion pictures, since the technology developed as the basis Movie Amateur for photography. It can be used to present a progressive sequence of still images in the form Movie Amateur of a slideshow. Film has also been incorporated into multimedia presentations, and often has importance as primary historical documentation. However, historic films have Movie Popcorn Boxes problems in terms of preservation Movie Amateur and storage, and the motion picture industry Movie Amateur is exploring many Movie Amateur alternatives. Most movies on cellulose nitrate base have been Movie Amateur copied onto modern safety films. Some Movie Amateur studios save color films through the use of Movie Amateur separation masters � Movie Amateur three B&W negatives each exposed through red, green, or blue filters (essentially a reverse of the Technicolor process). Digital methods have Movie Amateur also been used to restore films, although their continued obsolescence cycle makes them (as of Movie Amateur 2006) a poor choice for long-term preservation. Film preservation of Movie Amateur decaying film stock is a matter of concern to both Movie Amateur film historians and archivists, and to companies interested in Movie Amateur preserving their existing products in order to make Movie Amateur them available to future generations (and Movie Amateur thereby increase revenue). Preservation is generally a higher-concern for nitrate and single-strip color films, due to their high decay rates; black and white films on Movie Amateur safety bases and color films preserved on Technicolor imbibition prints Movie Amateur tend to keep up much better, Movie Amateur assuming proper handling and storage.
Some films in recent decades have been recorded using analog video technology similar to that used in television production. Modern digital video cameras and digital projectors are gaining ground as well. These approaches are extremely beneficial to moviemakers, especially because footage can be evaluated and edited without waiting for Movie Amateur the film stock to be processed. Yet the migration is gradual, and as of 2005 Movie Amateur most major motion pictures are Movie Amateur still recorded on film.
Independent
Main article: Independent film
The Movie Amateur Lumiere Brothers
Independent filmmaking often takes place outside of Movie Amateur Hollywood, or other major studio systems. An independent Movie Amateur film (or indie Movie Amateur film) is a film initially produced without financing or Movie Amateur distribution from Movie Amateur a Movie Amateur major movie studio. Creative, business, and technological reasons have all contributed to the growth of the indie film scene in the Movie Amateur late 20th and early 21st century.
On the business side, the costs of big-budget Movie Amateur studio films Movie Amateur also leads to conservative choices in cast Movie Amateur and crew. There is a trend in Hollywood towards co-financing Movie Amateur (over two-thirds Movie Amateur of the films put out by Movie Skirt Panties Warner Bros. in 2000 were joint ventures, up from 10% in 1987).[2] A hopeful director is almost never given the opportunity Movie Amateur to get a job on a big-budget studio film unless Movie Amateur he or she has Movie Amateur significant industry experience in film or television. Also, Movie Amateur the studios rarely produce Movie Amateur films with Movie Amateur unknown actors, particularly Movie Amateur in lead roles.
Before the advent of digital alternatives, the cost of professional film equipment and Movie Amateur stock was also a Movie Amateur hurdle to being Movie Amateur able to produce, direct, or star in Movie Amateur a traditional studio film. The cost of 35 mm film is outpacing Movie Amateur inflation: in 2002 alone, film negative costs were up Movie Amateur 23%, according to Variety.[2].
But the advent of consumer camcorders in 1985, and more importantly, the arrival of high-resolution digital video in the early 1990s, have lowered the technology barrier to movie production significantly. Both production and post-production costs have been significantly lowered; Movie Amateur today, the hardware and software for post-production can be installed in a commodity-based personal computer. Technologies such as DVDs, FireWire connections and non-linear editing system pro-level software like Adobe Premiere Pro, Sony Vegas and Apple's Final Cut Pro, and consumer level software such as Apple's Final Cut Express and iMovie make movie-making relatively inexpensive.
Since the introduction of DV technology, the means of production have become more democratized. Filmmakers can conceivably shoot and edit a movie, create and edit the sound Movie Amateur and music, and mix the final cut on a home computer. However, while the means Movie Amateur of Movie Amateur production may be democratized, financing, distribution, Movie Amateur and marketing remain difficult to accomplish outside the traditional system. Most independent filmmakers rely on film festivals to get their films noticed and sold Movie Amateur for distribution. The arrival of internet-based video outlets such as YouTube and Veoh Movie Amateur has further Movie Amateur changed the film making landscape in ways that are still to be determined.
Open content film
Main article: Open content film
An open Movie Amateur content film is much like an independent film, but it is produced through open collaborations; its source material is available under a license which is permissive Movie Amateur enough to allow Movie Amateur other parties to create fan Movie Amateur fiction or derivative works, than Movie Amateur a Movie Amateur traditional copyright. Like independent filmmaking, open source filmmaking Movie Amateur takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems.
Fan film
Main article: Fan film
A fan film is a film or video inspired by a film, television program, comic Movie Amateur book or a Movie Amateur similar source, created by fans rather than by the source's Movie Amateur copyright holders or creators. Fan filmmakers have traditionally been amateurs, but some of the more notable films have Movie Amateur actually been produced Movie Amateur by professional Movie Amateur filmmakers as film school Movie Amateur class projects or as demonstration reels. Fan films vary tremendously in length, from short Movie Amateur faux-teaser trailers for non-existent Movie Amateur motion pictures to rarer full-length motion pictures
Animation is the technique in which each frame of a film is produced individually, whether generated as a computer graphic, Movie Amateur or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to a model unit (see claymation and stop motion), and then Movie Amateur photographing the result Movie Amateur with a Movie Amateur special animation camera. Movie Amateur When the frames are strung together and Movie Amateur the resulting film is viewed at a speed Movie Amateur of 16 or more frames per second, Movie Amateur there is an illusion of continuous movement (due Movie Amateur to the persistence Movie Amateur of vision). Generating such a film is very labour intensive and tedious, though the development of computer Movie Amateur animation has greatly Movie Amateur sped up the process.
File formats like GIF, QuickTime, Shockwave and Flash allow animation Movie Amateur to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
Because animation is very time-consuming and often very expensive to produce, the Movie Amateur majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios. Movie Amateur However, the field of independent animation has existed at least Movie Amateur since the Movie Review Of Braveheart 1950s, with animation being produced Movie Amateur by Movie Amateur independent Movie Amateur Movie Monster Vod studios (and sometimes by a single person). Several independent animation producers have gone on to enter the Movie Amateur professional animation industry.
Limited animation is a way of Movie Amateur increasing production and decreasing costs of animation by Movie Amateur using "short cuts" in the animation process. This method was pioneered by UPA and popularized by Hanna-Barbera, and adapted by other studios Movie Amateur as cartoons moved from movie theaters to television.[3]
Although most animation Movie Amateur studios are now using digital technologies in Movie Amateur their productions, there is a specific style of animation that depends on film. Cameraless animation, made famous by moviemakers like Norman McLaren, Len Lye and Stan Brakhage, is painted Movie Amateur and drawn directly onto pieces of film, and then run through a projector.
Venues
When Movie Amateur it is initially produced, a feature film is often shown to Movie Amateur audiences in a Movie Amateur movie theater or cinema. The first theater designed exclusively for cinema opened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1905.[4] Thousands Movie Amateur of Movie Amateur such theaters were built or converted from Movie Amateur existing facilities within a few years.[5] In the United States, these theaters came to be Movie Amateur known as nickelodeons, because admission typically Movie Amateur cost a nickel Movie Amateur (five cents).
Typically, one film is the featured presentation (or feature film). Before the 1970s, Movie Amateur there were "double features"; typically, a high quality "A picture" rented by an independent theater for a lump Movie Amateur sum, and a "B picture" of lower quality Movie Amateur rented for a percentage of the gross receipts. Today, the Movie Amateur bulk of the material shown Movie Amateur before the feature film consists of previews for upcoming movies and paid advertisements Movie Amateur (also known Movie Amateur as trailers or "The Twenty").
Historically, all mass marketed feature films were made to Movie Amateur be shown in movie theaters. The development of television has allowed films to be broadcast to larger audiences, usually after the film is no longer being shown in theaters. Recording technology has Movie Amateur also enabled consumers to rent or buy copies of Movie Amateur films on Movie Amateur VHS or DVD (and the older formats of laserdisc, Movie Amateur VCD and SelectaVision � see also videodisc), and Internet downloads may be Movie Amateur available and have started to become revenue sources for the film companies. Some Movie Amateur films are now made specifically for these other Movie Amateur venues, Grudge Movie Clips being released as made-for-TV movies or direct-to-video movies. The production values on these films are often considered to be of inferior quality compared to theatrical releases in similar genres, and indeed, Movie Amateur some films that are rejected by their own studios upon completion are distributed through these Movie Amateur markets.
The movie theater pays an Movie Amateur average of about 50-55% of its ticket sales to the movie studio, as film rental fees.[6] The actual percentage starts with a number higher than Movie Amateur that, and decreases as the duration Movie Amateur of a film's showing continues, as Movie Amateur an incentive to theaters to keep movies in the theater Movie Amateur longer. However, today's barrage of highly Movie Amateur marketed movies ensures that most movies are shown in first-run theaters for less than 8 weeks. There are a few movies every year that defy this rule, often limited-release movies that start in only a few theaters and actually grow their theater count through good word-of-mouth and Movie Amateur reviews. According to a 2000 Movie Amateur study by ABN AMRO, about 26% of Hollywood movie studios' worldwide income came from box office ticket sales; 46% came from VHS and DVD sales to consumers; and 28% came Movie Amateur from television (broadcast, cable, and pay-per-view).[6]
Future state
While motion picture films have been around for more than a century, film is still a Movie Amateur relative Movie Amateur newcomer in the pantheon of fine arts. In the 1950s, when television became widely available, industry analysts predicted the demise of local movie Movie Amateur theaters. Despite competition from television's increasing technological sophistication over the 1960s and 1970s, such as the White Noise Movie Trailer development Movie Amateur of color television and large Movie Amateur screens, motion picture cinemas continued. In the 1980s, when the widespread availability of inexpensive videocassette recorders enabled people to select films Movie Amateur for home viewing, industry analysts again wrongly predicted the death of the local cinemas.
In the 1990s and 2000s the development Movie Amateur of digital DVD players, home theater amplification systems with surround sound and subwoofers, and large LCD or plasma screens enabled people to select and view films at home with greatly improved audio and visual reproduction. These new technologies provided audio and visual that in the past only local cinemas had been able to provide: a large, clear Movie Amateur widescreen presentation Movie Amateur of a film with a Movie Amateur full-range, high-quality multi-speaker sound system. Once Movie Amateur again industry Movie Amateur analysts predicted the demise of Movie Amateur the local cinema. Movie Amateur Local cinemas will be Movie Amateur changing in the 2000s and moving towards digital screens, a new approach which will allow for easier and quicker distribution of films (via satellite or hard disks), a development which Movie Amateur may give local theaters a reprieve from their predicted demise.
The cinema Movie Amateur now faces a new Movie Amateur challenge from home video by the likes of a new DVD format Blu-ray, Movie Amateur which can Movie Amateur provide full HD 1080p video playback at near cinema quality. Video formats are gradually catching up with the resolutions and quality that film offers, 1080p in Blu-ray offers a pixel resolution of 1920?1080 a leap from the DVD offering of 720?480 and the paltry 330?480 offered by the Movie Amateur first home video standard VHS. The maximum Movie Amateur resolutions that film currently Movie Amateur offers are 2485?2970 or 1420?3390, UHD, a future digital video format, will Movie Amateur offer a massive resolution of 7680?4320, surpassing all current film resolutions. The only viable competitor to these new innovations Movie Amateur is IMAX which can play film content at an extreme 10000?7000 resolution.
Despite Movie Amateur the rise of all new technologies, the development of the home video market and a surge of online piracy, 2007 was a record year in film that showed the highest ever box-office grosses. Many expected film to suffer as a result of the effects listed above but it has flourished, strengthening film studio expectations for the future. |
