Film is a term that encompasses individual motion Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the motion Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb picture industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects.
Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb is considered to be Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb an important art form, a source of popular entertainment and a powerful method for educating � or indoctrinating � citizens. The visual elements of cinema gives motion pictures a universal power of communication. Some films have become popular Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue.
Traditional Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb films are made up of a series of individual images called frames. When these images are shown rapidly in succession, a viewer has the illusion that motion is occurring. The viewer cannot Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb see the flickering between frames due to Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb eye retains a Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb
The origin of the name "film" comes from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) had historically been the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, photo-play, flick, and most Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb commonly, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb movie. Additional terms for the field in general include the big Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb screen, the silver Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb screen, the cinema, and the movies.In the 1860s, mechanisms for producing Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb artificially created, two-dimensional images in motion were demonstrated with devices such as the zoetrope and the praxinoscope. These machines were outgrowths of simple optical devices (such as magic lanterns) and would display sequences of still pictures Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb at sufficient speed for the images on the pictures to appear to be moving, a phenomenon called persistence of vision. Naturally, the images needed Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb to be carefully designed to achieve the desired effect � and the underlying principle became the basis for the development of film animation.
A frame from Roundhay Garden Scene, the world's earliest film, by Louis Le Prince, 1888
With the development of celluloid film for still photography, it became possible to directly capture objects in motion in Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb real time. Early versions of the technology sometimes required a person Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb to look into a viewing machine to Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb see the pictures which Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb were separate paper prints Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb attached to a drum turned by Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb a handcrank. The pictures were Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb shown Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb at a variable speed of about Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb 5 to 10 pictures per second depending on how rapidly the crank was turned. Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Some of these machines were coin operated. By the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb 1880s, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb the development of the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb motion Young Frankenstein Movie Pictures picture camera allowed the individual Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb component images to be captured and stored on a Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb single reel, and led quickly to the development of a motion picture projector to Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb shine light through the processed and printed film and magnify these "moving picture shows" onto a screen for an entire Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb audience. These reels, so Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb exhibited, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb came to be known as "motion pictures". Early motion pictures were static shots that showed an event or action with no editing or other cinematic techniques.
Ignoring Dickson's early Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb sound experiments (1894), commercial motion pictures Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb were purely visual art through the late Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb 19th century, but these innovative silent films had gained a Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb hold on the public imagination. Around the turn of the twentieth century, films began developing a narrative structure by stringing scenes Grease Movie Clothing together to tell narratives. The scenes were later broken up into multiple shots of varying sizes and angles. Other techniques such Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb as Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb camera movement Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb were realized as Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb effective ways to portray Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb a story on film. Rather than leave the audience in silence, theater owners would hire a pianist or organist or a full orchestra to play music fitting the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb mood of the film at any given moment. By the early 1920s, most films came with a prepared list of sheet music for Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb this Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb purpose, with complete film scores being composed for major productions.
A shot from Georges Melies Le Voyage dans la Lune (A Trip American Movie Channle to the Moon) (1902), an early narrative film.
The rise of European cinema was interrupted by the breakout of World Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb War I while the film industry in United States flourished Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb with the rise of Hollywood. However in the 1920s, European filmmakers such as Sergei Eisenstein, F. W. Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Murnau, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and Fritz Lang, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb along with American innovator D. Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb W. Griffith and the contributions of Charles Chaplin, Buster Keaton and others, continued to advance the medium. In the 1920s, new technology allowed filmmakers to attach to each film a soundtrack of speech, music and sound effects synchronized with the action on the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb screen. These sound films were initially distinguished by calling them "talking Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb pictures", or talkies.
The next major step in the development of cinema was the introduction of Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb so-called "natural" color. While the addition Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of sound quickly eclipsed Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb silent film and theater Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb musicians, color was adopted more gradually as methods evolved making it more practical and cost effective to produce "natural color" films. The public was relatively indifferent to color photography as opposed to black-and-white,[citation needed] but as color processes improved and became as affordable as black-and-white film, more and Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb more movies were filmed in color after Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb the end of World War II, as the industry in America came to view color as essential to attracting audiences in its competition with television, which remained a black-and-white medium until the mid-1960s. By Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb the end of the 1960s, col
Since the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb decline of the studio system in the 1960s, the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb succeeding decades saw changes in Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb the production and style of film. New Hollywood, French New Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Wave Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and the rise of film school educated independent filmmakers were all part of the changes the medium experienced in the latter half of the 20th century. Digital technology has been the driving force in change throughout the 1990s and into the 21st Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb century.
Theory
Main article: Film theory
Film theory seeks Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb to develop concise and Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb systematic concepts that apply to the study of film as art. It Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb was started by Ricciotto Canudo's The Birth of the Sixth Art. Formalist film theory, led by Rudolf Arnheim, Bela Balazs, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and Siegfried Kracauer, emphasized how film differed from reality, and thus could be considered a valid Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb fine art. Andre Bazin reacted against this theory by arguing Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb that film's artistic Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb essence lay in its ability to mechanically Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb reproduce reality Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb not in its differences from reality, and this gave rise to realist theory. More recent analysis spurred Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb by Lacan's psychoanalysis and Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics among other things has given rise to psychoanalytical film theory, structuralist film theory, feminist film theory and others.
Criticism
Main article: Film Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb criticism
Film criticism is the analysis Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and evaluation of films. In general, these works Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb can be divided into two categories: academic criticism by film scholars and journalistic film criticism that appears regularly in newspapers and other media.
Film critics working for newspapers, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb magazines, and broadcast media mainly review new releases. Normally Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb they only see Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb any given film once Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and have only a day or two to formulate opinions. Despite this, critics Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb have an important impact on films, especially those of certain genres. Mass marketed action, horror, and comedy films tend Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb not to be greatly affected by a critic's overall judgment of Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb a film. The plot summary and Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb description of a film that makes up Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb the majority Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of any film review can still have Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb an important impact on whether people Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb decide to Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb see Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb a film. For prestige films such as most Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb dramas, the influence Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of reviews is extremely important. Poor reviews will often doom a film to obscurity and Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb financial loss.
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The impact of a reviewer on a given film's box office performance is a matter of debate. Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Some claim that movie marketing is New Gi Joe Movie now so intense and well financed that reviewers Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb cannot make an impact against it. However, the cataclysmic Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb failure of some heavily-promoted movies which were harshly reviewed, as well as the unexpected success of Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb critically praised independent movies indicates that extreme critical reactions can have considerable Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb influence. Others note Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb that positive film reviews have been shown to spark interest in little-known films. Conversely, there have been several films in which film companies have so little confidence Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb that they refuse to give reviewers an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of the film. However, this usually backfires as reviewers Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb are wise to the tactic and warn the public that the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb film may not be worth seeing and the films often do Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb poorly as a result.
It is argued that journalist film critics should only be known as Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb film reviewers, and true film critics Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb are those who take a more academic Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb approach to films. Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb This line of work is more often known as film theory or film studies. These film critics attempt to come to understand how film and Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb filming techniques work, and what Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb effect they have on people. Rather than having their works published in newspapers or appear on television, their articles are published in scholarly journals, or sometimes in up-market magazines. Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb They also tend to be Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb affiliated with colleges or universities.
Industry
Main article: Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Film industry
The making and showing of Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb motion Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb pictures became a Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb source of profit almost Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb as soon Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb as the process was Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb invented. Upon seeing how successful their new invention, and its product, was in their Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb native France, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Lumieres quickly set Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb about touring the Continent to exhibit the first films privately to royalty and publicly to the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb masses. In each country, they would normally Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb add new, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb local scenes to their catalogue and, quickly Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb enough, found local entrepreneurs in the various countries of Europe to buy their equipment and photograph, export, import and screen additional product commercially. The Oberammergau Passion Play of 1898[citation needed] was the first commercial motion picture ever produced. Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Other pictures soon followed, and motion pictures became a separate Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb industry that overshadowed Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb the vaudeville world. Dedicated theaters and companies formed specifically to produce and distribute films, while motion picture actors became Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb major celebrities and commanded huge fees for their performances. Already by 1917, Charlie Chaplin had a contract that called for an annual salary of Movie Censorship And Constitutional Rights one million dollars.
In the United States today, much of the film industry Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb is centered Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb around Hollywood. Other regional centers exist in many parts of the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb world, such as Mumbai-centered Bollywood, the Indian Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb film industry's Hindi cinema which produces the largest number of films in the world.[1] Whether the ten Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb thousand-plus feature length films a year produced by Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb the Valley pornographic film industry should qualify for this title is the source of some debate.[citation needed] Though the expense involved in making movies has led Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb cinema production to concentrate under the auspices of movie studios, recent advances in Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb affordable film making equipment have allowed independent film productions to flourish.
Profit is a key force in the industry, due to the costly and risky Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb nature of filmmaking; many films have large cost overruns, a notorious example being Kevin Costner's Waterworld. Yet many filmmakers strive to create works of lasting social significance. The Academy Free Wallpapers Movie Awards Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb (also known as "the Oscars") are the most prominent film Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb awards in the United States, providing recognition each year to films, ostensibly based on their artistic merits.
There is also a large industry Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb for educational and instructional films made in lieu of or in addition to lectures and texts.
Preview
A preview Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb performance refers to a showing of a movie to a select audience, usually for the purposes of corporate promotions, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb before Powder The Movie the public film premiere itself. Previews Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb are Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb sometimes used to judge audience reaction, which if unexpectedly Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb negative, may result in recutting or even refilming Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb certain sections. (cf Audience response.)
Trailer
Main article: Trailer (film)
Trailers or previews are Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb film advertisements for films that will be exhibited in the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb future at a cinema, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb on Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb whose screen they are shown. The Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb term "trailer" comes from their having originally been shown at the end of a film programme. That practice did not last long, because patrons tended to leave the theater after the films ended, but the name has stuck. Trailers Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb are now shown before the film Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb (or the A movie in a double feature program) begins.
The nature of the film determines the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb size and type of crew required during filmmaking. Many Hollywood adventure films need computer Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb generated imagery (CGI), created by dozens of 3D modellers, animators, rotoscopers and compositors. However, a low-budget, independent Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb film may be made with a skeleton crew, often paid very little. Also, an open source film may be produced through open, collaborative processes. Filmmaking takes place all over the world using different technologies, styles of acting and genre, and Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb is produced in Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb a variety of economic contexts that range from state-sponsored Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb documentary in Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb China to profit-oriented movie making within the American studio system.
This Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb production cycle typically takes three years. The first Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb year is taken Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb up with development. The second Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb year comprises preproduction Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and production. The Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb third year, post-production and distribution.
Crew
Main article: Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Film crew
A Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb film crew is a group Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of people hired by a film company, employed during the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb "production" or "photography" phase, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb for the purpose Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of producing a film or motion picture. Matrix Revolutions Movie Crew are distinguished from Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb cast, the actors who appear in front of the camera or provide voices for characters in the film. The crew interacts with but is Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb also distinct from the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb production staff, consisting Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of producers, managers, company representatives, their assistants, and those whose primary responsibility falls in pre-production or Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb post-production phases, such as writers and editors. Communication between production and crew generally passes through the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb director and his/her staff of assistants. Medium-to-large Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb crews are generally divided into departments with well defined hierarchies and standards for interaction and cooperation between the departments. Other than acting, the crew handles everything in the photography phase: props and costumes, shooting, sound, electrics (i.e., lights), sets, and Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb production Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb special effects. Caterers (known in the film industry as "craft services") are usually not considered part Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of the crew.
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Technology
Film stock consists of transparent celluloid, acetate, or polyester base coated Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb with an emulsion containing light-sensitive chemicals. Cellulose nitrate Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb was the first type of Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb film base used to record motion Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb pictures, but due to its flammability was eventually replaced by safer materials. Stock widths and the film format for images on the reel have had a rich history, though most large Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb commercial films are still shot on (and distributed to theaters) as 35 mm prints.
Originally moving picture film was shot and projected at various speeds using hand-cranked cameras and projectors; though 1000 frames per minute (16? frame/s) is generally cited as a standard silent speed, research indicates most films were shot Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb between 16 frame/s Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and 23 frame/s and projected from 18 frame/s on Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb up Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb (often reels included instructions on how fast each scene should be shown) [1]. When sound film was Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb introduced in the late 1920s, a constant Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb speed was required for the sound head. 24 frames per second was chosen Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb because it was the slowest (and thus cheapest) speed which allowed for sufficient sound quality. Improvements since the late 19th century include the mechanization of Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb cameras � allowing them to record at a consistent speed, quiet camera design � allowing sound recorded on-set to be usable without requiring large "blimps" to encase the camera, the invention of more sophisticated filmstocks and Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb lenses, allowing directors to film in increasingly dim conditions, and the development of synchronized Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb sound, allowing sound to be Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb recorded at exactly the same speed as its corresponding action. The soundtrack can be recorded separately from shooting the film, but for live-action pictures Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb many parts of the soundtrack are usually recorded simultaneously.
As a medium, film is not limited to motion pictures, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb since the technology developed as the basis for photography. It can be used to present Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb a progressive sequence Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of still images in the form of a slideshow. Film has also been incorporated Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb into multimedia presentations, and Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb often has importance as primary historical Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb documentation. However, historic films Constitutional Legality Of Movie Censorship have problems Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb in terms of preservation and storage, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and the motion picture industry is exploring Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb many alternatives. Most movies on cellulose nitrate base have been copied onto modern Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb safety films. Some studios save color films through the use of separation masters � three B&W negatives each exposed through red, green, or blue filters (essentially a reverse of the Technicolor process). Digital methods have also been used to restore films, although their continued obsolescence cycle makes them (as of Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb 2006) a poor choice for Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb long-term preservation. Film preservation of decaying film stock is Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb a matter of concern to both film historians and archivists, and to companies interested in preserving their existing products in order to make them available to future Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb generations (and thereby increase revenue). Preservation is generally a higher-concern for nitrate and Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb single-strip color films, due to their high decay rates; black and white films on safety bases and color films preserved on Technicolor imbibition prints tend Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb to keep up much better, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb assuming proper handling and storage.
Some films in recent decades have been recorded using analog video technology similar to Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb that used in television production. Modern digital Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb video cameras and digital projectors are gaining ground as well. These approaches are extremely Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb beneficial to moviemakers, especially because footage can be evaluated and edited without waiting for the film stock to be processed. Yet the migration Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb is gradual, and as of Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb 2005 most major motion pictures Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb are still recorded on film.
Independent
Main article: Independent film
The Lumiere Brothers
Independent filmmaking often Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb studio systems. An independent film (or indie film) is a film initially produced without financing or distribution from a major movie studio. Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Creative, business, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and technological reasons have all contributed to the growth Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of the indie Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb film scene in the late 20th and early 21st century.
On the business side, the costs of big-budget studio films also leads to conservative choices in cast and crew. There Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb is a trend in Hollywood towards co-financing (over Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb two-thirds Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of the films put out by Warner Bros. in 2000 were joint ventures, up from 10% in 1987).[2] A hopeful director is almost never given the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb opportunity to get a job on a big-budget studio film unless he or she has significant Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb industry experience in film or television. Also, the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb studios rarely produce films with unknown actors, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb particularly in lead roles.
Before the advent of digital alternatives, the cost Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb of professional film equipment and stock was also a hurdle to being able to produce, direct, or star in a traditional studio film. The cost of 35 mm film is outpacing inflation: in 2002 alone, film negative costs were up 23%, according to Variety.[2].
But the advent of consumer camcorders in 1985, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and more importantly, the arrival of Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb high-resolution digital video in the early Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb 1990s, have lowered the technology barrier to movie production significantly. Both production and post-production costs have been significantly lowered; today, the hardware and software for post-production can be installed Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb in a commodity-based personal computer. Technologies such as DVDs, FireWire connections and non-linear Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb editing system pro-level software Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb like Adobe Premiere Pro, Sony Vegas and Apple's Final Cut Pro, and consumer level software such as Apple's Final Cut Express and iMovie make movie-making relatively inexpensive.
Since the introduction of DV technology, the means of production have become Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb more democratized. Filmmakers can conceivably shoot and edit a movie, create and edit the sound and music, and mix the final cut on a home computer. However, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb while the means of production may be democratized, financing, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb distribution, and marketing remain difficult to accomplish outside the traditional system. Most independent filmmakers rely on film festivals to get their films noticed Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and sold for distribution. Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb The arrival of internet-based video outlets such as YouTube and Veoh has further changed the film Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb making landscape in ways that are still to be determined.
Open content film
Main article: Open content film
An open content film is much like an independent film, but it is produced through open collaborations; its source material is available under a license which is permissive enough to allow Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb other parties Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb to create Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb fan fiction or derivative works, than Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb a traditional copyright. Like independent filmmaking, open source filmmaking takes Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems.
Fan film
Main article: Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Fan film
A fan film is a film or video inspired by a film, television Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb program, comic book or a similar source, created by fans rather than by the source's copyright holders or creators. Fan filmmakers have traditionally been amateurs, but some of the Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb more notable films have actually been produced by professional filmmakers as film school class projects or Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb as demonstration reels. Fan films vary tremendously in length, from short faux-teaser trailers for Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb non-existent motion pictures to rarer full-length Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb Movie Trailers Iron Man motion pictures
Animation is the technique in which each frame of a film Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb is produced individually, whether generated as a computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb making small changes to Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb a model unit (see claymation and stop motion), and then photographing the result with a special animation camera. When the frames Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb are strung together and the resulting film is viewed at a speed of 16 or Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb more frames per second, there is an illusion of continuous movement (due to the persistence of vision). Generating such a film is very Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb labour intensive Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb and tedious, though the development of computer animation has greatly sped up the process.
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File formats like GIF, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb QuickTime, Shockwave and Flash allow animation to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
Because animation Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb is very time-consuming and often Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb very expensive to produce, Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb the majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb studios. However, the field of Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb independent animation has The Ascent Movie Hallmark Channel existed at least since the 1950s, with animation being produced by independent studios (and sometimes by a single person). Several independent animation producers have gone on Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb to enter the professional animation industry.
Limited Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb animation is a Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb way of increasing Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb production and decreasing costs of animation by using Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb "short cuts" in the animation process. This method was pioneered by UPA and popularized by Hanna-Barbera, and adapted by other studios as cartoons moved from movie theaters to television.[3]
Although most animation studios are now using digital technologies in their productions, there is a specific style of animation that depends on Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb film. Cameraless animation, made famous by moviemakers like Norman McLaren, Len Lye and Stan Brakhage, is painted and drawn directly onto pieces of film, and then run through a projector.
Venues
When it is initially produced, a feature film is often shown to audiences in a movie theater or cinema. The first theater designed exclusively for cinema opened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1905.[4] Thousands of such theaters were built or converted from existing facilities Michael Ontkean Valerie Bertinelli Movie within Movie About Future Generations Being Dumb a few years.[5] In the United States, these theaters came to be known as nickelodeons, because admission typically cost a nickel |
