A download manager G Taste Download is a computer program dedicated to the task of downloading (and sometime uploading) possibly unrelated stand-alone G Taste Download files from (and sometime to) the Internet for storage. This is unlike a World Wide Web browser, which is mainly G Taste Download intended to browse web pages, composed G Taste Download of a multitude of G Taste Download smaller files, where error-free moving of files for permanent storage is of secondary importance. (A failed or incomplete web page file rarely ruins the page.) The typical download manager at a minimum provides means to recover from errors without losing G Taste Download the work already completed, and can optionally split the file to be downloaded (or uploaded) into 2 or more segments, which are then moved in parallel, G Taste Download potentially making the process faster within the limits of the available bandwidth. (A few servers are known to block G Taste Download moving files in parallel segments, on G Taste Download the principle that server capacity should be shared equally by all users.) Multi-source is the name G Taste Download given to files that are downloaded in parallel.
There are several things that some web browsers are G Taste Download not very good at. That's where the download managers enter the equation:
Pausing the downloading of large files.
Resuming broken or paused G Taste Download downloads (especially for very large files).
Downloading files on poor connections.
Downloading several files from a site automatically according G Taste Download to simple rules (file types, G Taste Download updated files, etc. - see G Taste Download also Offline Browser).
Automatic recursive downloads (mirroring).
Scheduled downloads (including, automatic G Taste Download hang-up and shutdown).
Searching for mirror G Taste Download sites, and the handling of different connections to download the same file more quickly G Taste Download (segmented downloading).
Download managers G Taste Download are useful for active Internet users. For dial-up users, they can automatically dial the internet service provider at night, when rates or tariffs G Taste Download are usually lower, download the specified files, and G Taste Download hang-up. They can record which links the user clicks on during the day, and queue these files for G Taste Download later download. For broadband users, download managers can help download very large files by resuming broken downloads, by limiting the bandwidth used, so that other internet activities are not affected (slowed) and the server is not overloaded, or by automatically navigating a site and downloading pre-specified content (photo galleries, MP3 collections, etc.) this can also include automatically downloading whole sites and regularly updating them (see Mirroring).
Many download managers support Metalink, an XML file listing mirrors, checksums, and other information useful G Taste Download for downloading.
See below for some examples of commonly used G Taste Download Beat Making Software Download download managers. Some downloaders are optimized for a certain function. For example, Offline Explorer G Taste Download is designed G Taste Download to download entire websites.
Download managers, such as Go!Zilla, were among the first adware applications displaying a banner ad in the G Taste Download user interface.
Related to download managers are two other breeds of G Taste Download Internet programs, file-sharing peer-to-peer applications (Kazaa, eMule, BitTorrent, Gnutella) and stream recorders G Taste Download (such as StreamBox VCR).
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While download G Taste Download managers G Taste Download are designed to give users greater control G Taste Download over downloads, some downloaders are created to give G Taste Download that control to content distributors instead. Some software companies, for example Adobe [1], G Taste Download provide such downloaders G Taste Download for downloading software on their own site. Presumably this increases reliability and reduces tech support costs to them. A possible reason is increasing the control over redistribution of their software (even when the software is freeware).In computer technology and telecommunication, on-line and off-line G Taste Download are defined by Federal Standard 1037C. They are states or conditions of a "device or equipment" G Taste Download or of "a functional unit". To be considered G Taste Download on-line, a device must be at least one of:
"Under the direct control G Taste Download of another device"
"Under the G Taste Download direct control of the system with which it is associated"
"Available for immediate use on demand by the system without human intervention"
"Connected to a system, and is in operation"
"Functional and ready for service"
while a device G Taste Download that is off-line is not (e.g. it has "its main power source disconnected or turned off", and is "off-power").
One example of a common use of these concepts is a G Taste Download Mail User Agent G Taste Download that can be instructed to G Taste Download be in G Taste Download either "on-line" or "off-line" states. One such MUA is Microsoft G Taste Download Outlook. When it G Taste Download is "on-line" it will attempt to connect to mail servers (to check for new mail at regular intervals, for example), and when it is "off-line" it will not attempt to make any such connections. The G Taste Download "on-line" or "off-line" state G Taste Download of the MUA does not necessarily reflect the connection status between the computer on which it is running and Internet. The user G Taste Download may have the computer G Taste Download itself on-line, connected to Internet via a cable modem or G Taste Download an G Taste Download ADSL connection, but may G Taste Download wish for Outlook to be off-line, so that it makes no attempt to send or to receive G Taste Download messages. Or the computer may be configured to employ a dial-up connection on demand (whenever an application such as Outlook attempts to make connection to a server), but the connection may be an expensive telephone call from the particular location in which the computer currently happens to be (such G Taste Download as a hotel room) and the user may not wish Outlook to trigger making that call every 5 or 10 minutes G Taste Download to G Taste Download check for mail.[1]
Another example of the use of these concepts is in G Taste Download the world of digital audio technology. A tape recorder, digital editor, or other device that is "on-line" is one whose clock is under the control of the clock of a "synchronization master" G Taste Download device. When the sync G Taste Download master commences playback, the "on-line" device G Taste Download automatically synchronizes itself to the G Taste Download master and commences playing from G Taste Download the same point in the recording. Whereas a G Taste Download device that is "off-line" uses no external clock reference and relies upon its G Taste Download own internal clock. When a large number of devices G Taste Download are connected to a sync master, it is often convenient, if one G Taste Download wants to hear G Taste Download just the output of one single device, to take it off-line, because G Taste Download if G Taste Download the device is played back on-line all synchronized devices have to locate the G Taste Download playback point and wait for each G Taste Download other to be in synchronization.[2] (For further related discussion, see MIDI timecode, word sync, and recording system synchronization.)
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A third example of a common use of these concepts is a web browser that can be instructed to G Taste Download be in either "on-line" or "off-line" states. The browser only G Taste Download attempts to fetch pages from servers whilst in the "on-line" state. In the "off-line" state, users G Taste Download can perform offline browsing, where pages can G Taste Download be browsed using local copies of those pages that have previously been downloaded whilst in Download Print Shop Free the "on-line" G Taste Download state. G Taste Download This can be useful when the computer itself is also off-line, with connection to Internet expensive or impossible. The pages are either downloaded implicitly into G Taste Download the G Taste Download web browser's own cache, as a result of prior on-line browsing by the user, or explicitly by the browser being configured G Taste Download to keep local copies of certain web pages, which it keeps updated when the browser is G Taste Download in the on-line state, either G Taste Download by checking that the local G Taste Download copies are up-to-date at regular intervals or by checking G Taste Download that the local copies are up-to-date whenever the browser is switched to the on-line state. One such web browser capable of Bat Making Software Download Free being explicitly configured G Taste Download to download pages for offline browsing is Internet Explorer. When G Taste Download pages are added to the G Taste Download "Favourites" list, they can be marked for being made "available for offline browsing". Internet Explorer will download to local copies both G Taste Download the marked page and, G Taste Download optionally, all of the pages that it links to. In Internet Explorer version 6, G Taste Download the G Taste Download level of direct and G Taste Download indirect links, the maximum amount of local disc space allowed G Taste Download to be consumed, and the schedule on which local copies are Beat Maker Download For Free checked to see whether they are up-to-date, are configurable for each G Taste Download individual "Favourite" entry.
See also:
Offline browsing known as "Offline favourites" was removed as G Taste Download a feature in the most recent version of Internet Explorer 7, which only now supports single web page saving, G Taste Download but G Taste Download not browsing or storing an entire site offline.[citation needed]
Similarly, G Taste Download off-line storage is G Taste Download computer storage that is not "available for immediate use on demand by the system without human intervention", i.e it is G Taste Download storage that is off-line.
The ideas of "on-line" and "off-line" have been generalized from computing and telecommunication into G Taste Download the field of human interpersonal G Taste Download relationships. The distinction between what is considered "on-line" and what is considered G Taste Download "off-line" has G Taste Download become a G Taste Download subject of study in the field of sociology.[7]
The distinction between "on-line" and "off-line" is conventionally seen as the distinction between computer-mediated communication G Taste Download and face-to-face communication (e.g. face time), respectively. Bat Making Software Download "On-line" is virtuality, G Taste Download and "off-line" is reality (e.g. real life or meatspace). Slater states that this distinction is "obviously far too simple". To support his argument that the distinctions in relationships are more complex than a simple "on-line"/"off-line" dichotomy, he observes that some people draw no distinction between an "on-line" relationship, G Taste Download such G Taste Download as indulging in cybersex, and an "off-line" relationship, such as being G Taste Download pen-pals. He G Taste Download also argues that even the G Taste Download telephone can G Taste Download be regarded as an "on-line" experience in some circumstances, and Animation Of Robots To Download that the blurring of the distinctions between G Taste Download the uses of various technologies (such as PDA and mobile telephone, television and Internet, and telephone and voice-over-IP) has made it "impossible to use the G Taste Download term 'on-line' meaningfully G Taste Download in the sense G Taste Download that was employed by G Taste Download the first generation of Internet research".[7]
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Slater asserts that G Taste Download there are legal and regulatory pressures to reduce the distinction between "on-line" and "off-line", with a "general tendency to assimilate online to G Taste Download offline and erase the G Taste Download distinction", stressing, however, that this does not mean that on-line relationships are being reduced G Taste Download to pre-existing off-line relationships. He conjectures that greater legal status may be assigned to on-line relationships (pointing out that contractual relationships, such as business transactions, on-line are already seen as G Taste Download just as "real" as their off-line counterparts), although he G Taste Download states it to be G Taste Download hard to imagine courts G Taste Download awarding palimony G Taste Download to people who have had a purely on-line sexual relationship. He also conjectures that an "on-line"/"off-line" distinction may G Taste Download be seen G Taste Download by G Taste Download people as "rather quaint and not quite comprehensible" within G Taste Download 10 years.[7]
The distinction where "on-line" is seen as virtuality and "off-line" G Taste Download as reality is sometimes inverted, with "on-line" concepts being used to define and to explain "off-line" G Taste Download activities, rather than (as per the conventions of the G Taste Download desktop metaphor with its desktops, trash cans, folders, and so forth) the other G Taste Download way around. Several cartoons by G Taste Download The New Yorker have satirized this. One includes Saint Peter asking for a user name and a password before admitting a man G Taste Download into Heaven. Another illustrates "the off-line store" where "All items are actual size!", where shoppers may "Take it home as soon as you pay for it!", and where "Merchandise G Taste Download may be handled prior to purchase!". |
