A download manager is Beat Making Software Download a computer program dedicated to the task of downloading (and sometime uploading) possibly unrelated stand-alone files from (and sometime Beat Making Software Download to) the Internet for storage. This is unlike a World Wide Web browser, which is mainly intended to browse web pages, composed of a multitude of smaller files, where error-free moving of Beat Making Software Download files Beat Making Software Download for permanent storage is of secondary importance. (A failed or incomplete web page file Beat Making Software Download rarely ruins Beat Making Software Download the page.) The typical download manager at a minimum provides means to recover from errors without losing the work already completed, and can optionally Beat Making Software Download split the file to be downloaded (or uploaded) into 2 or more segments, which are then moved in parallel, potentially making the process faster within the limits of the available bandwidth. (A few servers are known to block moving files in parallel Beat Making Software Download segments, on the principle that server capacity Beat Making Software Download should be shared equally by all users.) Multi-source Beat Making Software Download is the name given to Beat Making Software Download files that are downloaded in parallel.
There are several things that some Beat Making Software Download web Beat Making Software Download browsers are not very good at. That's where the download Beat Making Software Download managers enter Download Erotic Movies the equation:
Pausing the downloading of large files.
Resuming broken or paused downloads (especially for very large files).
Downloading files Beat Making Software Download on Beat Making Software Download poor connections.
Downloading several files from a site automatically according Beat Making Software Download to simple rules (file types, updated files, etc. - Beat Making Software Download see also Offline Browser).
Automatic recursive downloads (mirroring).
Scheduled downloads (including, automatic hang-up and shutdown).
Searching for mirror sites, and the handling of different connections Beat Making Software Download to download the same file Beat Making Software Download more quickly (segmented downloading).
Download managers are useful for active Internet users. For dial-up users, they can automatically dial the internet service provider at night, when rates or tariffs are usually lower, download the specified files, and hang-up. They can record which links Beat Making Software Download the user clicks on during Beat Making Software Download the day, and queue these files for later download. For broadband users, Beat Making Software Download download managers can help download very large files by resuming broken downloads, by limiting the bandwidth used, so that other internet activities are Beat Making Software Download not affected (slowed) and the Beat Making Software Download server is not Beat Making Software Download overloaded, or by automatically Beat Making Software Download navigating Beat Making Software Download a site and downloading pre-specified content (photo galleries, MP3 collections, etc.) this can also include automatically downloading whole sites and regularly updating them (see Mirroring).
Many download managers support Metalink, an XML file listing mirrors, checksums, and other information useful for downloading.
See below for some examples of commonly used download managers. Some downloaders are optimized for a certain function. For example, Offline Explorer is designed to download entire websites.
Download managers, such as Go!Zilla, were among the first adware applications displaying Beat Making Software Download a banner ad in the user interface.
Related to download managers are two other breeds of Internet programs, file-sharing peer-to-peer applications (Kazaa, eMule, BitTorrent, Gnutella) and Beat Making Software Download stream recorders (such as StreamBox VCR).
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While download managers are designed to give users greater Cambuster Download control over downloads, some downloaders are Beat Making Software Download created to give that Beat Making Software Download control to content distributors instead. Some software companies, for example Adobe [1], provide such downloaders for downloading software on their own site. Presumably this increases reliability and reduces tech support costs to Beat Making Software Download them. A possible reason is Beat Making Software Download increasing the Beat Making Software Download control over redistribution of their software (even Beat Making Software Download when the software is freeware).In computer technology and telecommunication, on-line and off-line are defined by Federal Beat Making Software Download Standard 1037C. They are states or conditions of a "device or equipment" Beat Making Software Download or of Beat Making Software Download "a Beat Making Software Download functional unit". To Beat Making Software Download be Beat Making Software Download considered on-line, a Beat Making Software Download device must Beat Making Software Download be at least one of:
"Under the direct control of another Beat Making Software Download device"
"Under the direct control of the system with which it is associated"
"Available for immediate use on demand by the system without human intervention"
"Connected to a system, and is in operation"
"Functional and ready for service"
while a device that is off-line is not (e.g. it has "its main power Beat Making Software Download source Beat Making Software Download disconnected or turned off", and is Beat Making Software Download "off-power").
One example of a common Beat Making Software Download use of these concepts Beat Making Software Download is a Mail User Agent that can be instructed to be in either "on-line" or "off-line" states. One such MUA is Microsoft Outlook. When it is "on-line" it Beat Making Software Download will attempt to Beat Making Software Download connect to mail servers (to check for new mail at regular intervals, for example), and when Beat Making Software Download it is "off-line" it will not attempt to make any such connections. The "on-line" Beat Making Software Download or Beat Making Software Download "off-line" state of the MUA does not necessarily reflect the connection status Beat Making Software Download between the computer on which it is running and Beat Making Software Download Internet. The user may have the computer itself on-line, connected to Beat Making Software Download Internet via a cable modem or an ADSL connection, Beat Making Software Download but may wish for Outlook Beat Making Software Download to be off-line, so Beat Making Software Download that it makes no attempt to send or to receive messages. Or the computer may be configured to employ a dial-up connection on demand (whenever an application such Beat Making Software Download as Outlook attempts Beat Making Software Download to make connection to a server), but the connection may be an expensive telephone call from Beat Making Software Download the particular location in which the computer currently happens to be (such as a hotel room) and the user may not wish Outlook to trigger making that call every 5 or 10 Beat Making Software Download minutes to check for mail.[1]
Another example of the use of Beat Making Software Download these concepts is in the world of digital audio Beat Making Software Download technology. A tape Beat Making Software Download recorder, digital editor, or other device that is "on-line" is one whose clock is Beat Making Software Download under Beat Making Software Download the control Beat Making Software Download of the clock of a "synchronization master" device. When the sync master Beat Making Software Download commences playback, the "on-line" device automatically synchronizes itself Beat Making Software Download to the master and commences playing from the same point in the recording. Whereas a device that is "off-line" uses no external clock reference and relies upon Beat Making Software Download its own internal clock. Beat Making Software Download When a large number of devices are connected to a sync master, it Beat Making Software Download is often convenient, if one wants to hear Beat Making Software Download just the Beat Making Software Download output of Beat Making Software Download one single device, Beat Making Software Download to take it Beat Making Software Download off-line, because if the device Beat Making Software Download is played back on-line all synchronized devices have to locate the playback point and wait for each other to be in synchronization.[2] (For further related Beat Making Software Download Ares Lite Download discussion, see MIDI timecode, word sync, and recording system synchronization.)
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A third example of a common use of these concepts is a web browser that can be instructed Download The Star Spangled Banner to be in either "on-line" or Beat Making Software Download "off-line" states. The browser only attempts to fetch pages from Download Maternity Clothes For Sims servers whilst in the "on-line" state. In the "off-line" state, users can perform offline Beat Making Software Download browsing, Beat Making Software Download where pages can be browsed using local copies of those pages that have previously been Beat Making Software Download downloaded whilst in the "on-line" state. This can Beat Making Software Download be useful when the computer itself is also off-line, with connection to Internet expensive or impossible. The pages are either downloaded implicitly into the web Beat Making Software Download browser's own cache, as a result of prior on-line browsing by the user, Beat Making Software Download or explicitly by the browser Beat Making Software Download being configured to Beat Making Software Download keep local copies of certain web pages, which it keeps updated when Beat Making Software Download the browser is in the Beat Making Software Download on-line state, either by Beat Making Software Download checking Beat Making Software Download that the local copies are up-to-date at regular intervals or Beat Making Software Download by checking that the local copies are up-to-date whenever the browser is switched to the on-line state. One such web browser capable of being explicitly configured to download Beat Making Software Download pages for offline Beat Making Software Download browsing is Internet Explorer. When pages are added to the "Favourites" list, Beat Making Software Download they can be marked for being made "available for offline browsing". Internet Explorer will Beat Making Software Download download to local copies both the marked page and, optionally, all of the pages that it links to. In Internet Explorer version 6, the level of direct and indirect links, the maximum amount of local disc space allowed to be consumed, and Beat Making Software Download the schedule on which Beat Making Software Download local copies are checked to see whether they are up-to-date, are configurable for each individual "Favourite" entry.
See also:
Offline Beat Making Software Download browsing known as "Offline favourites" was removed as a Beat Making Software Download feature in the most recent version of Internet Explorer Beat Making Software Download 7, which only now supports single web page saving, but not browsing or storing an entire Beat Making Software Download site offline.[citation needed]
Similarly, off-line storage is Download American Pie Beta House computer storage that is not "available for immediate use on Beat Making Software Download demand by the system without human intervention", i.e it is storage that is off-line.
The ideas of "on-line" and "off-line" have been generalized Beat Making Software Download from computing and telecommunication into the field of human Beat Making Software Download interpersonal relationships. The distinction between what is considered "on-line" and what is considered "off-line" has become a subject of Beat Making Software Download study in the field of sociology.[7]
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The distinction between "on-line" and "off-line" is conventionally seen as the distinction between computer-mediated communication and face-to-face Beat Making Software Download communication (e.g. face time), respectively. "On-line" is virtuality, Beat Making Software Download and "off-line" is reality (e.g. real life or meatspace). Slater states that Beat Making Software Download this distinction is "obviously far too simple". To support his argument that the distinctions in Beat Making Software Download relationships are more complex than a simple "on-line"/"off-line" Beat Making Software Download dichotomy, Beat Making Software Download he observes that some people draw no distinction between an "on-line" relationship, Beat Making Software Download such as indulging in cybersex, and an "off-line" relationship, such as being pen-pals. He Beat Making Software Download also argues that even the telephone can be regarded as an "on-line" experience in some circumstances, and Beat Making Software Download that the blurring of the distinctions between the uses of various technologies (such as PDA and Beat Making Software Download mobile telephone, television and Internet, Beat Making Software Download and telephone and voice-over-IP) has made it "impossible to use the term 'on-line' meaningfully in the sense that was employed by the first generation of Beat Making Software Download Internet research".[7]
Slater asserts that there are legal and regulatory pressures Beat Making Software Download to reduce the distinction between "on-line" and "off-line", with a "general Beat Making Software Download tendency to assimilate online to Beat Making Software Download offline and erase the distinction", stressing, however, Beat Making Software Download that this does not mean that on-line relationships are being reduced to pre-existing off-line relationships. He conjectures that greater legal status may be assigned to on-line relationships (pointing out that contractual relationships, such as Beat Making Software Download business transactions, on-line are already seen as Beat Making Software Download just as "real" as their off-line counterparts), although he states it to be hard to imagine courts awarding Beat Making Software Download palimony to people who have had a Beat Making Software Download purely on-line sexual relationship. He also conjectures that an Beat Making Software Download "on-line"/"off-line" distinction may be seen by people as "rather quaint and not quite comprehensible" within 10 years.[7]
The distinction where "on-line" is seen as virtuality Beat Making Software Download and "off-line" as reality is sometimes inverted, with "on-line" concepts being used to define and to explain "off-line" activities, rather than (as per the conventions of the desktop metaphor with its desktops, trash cans, folders, and so forth) the other way Beat Making Software Download around. Several cartoons by The New Yorker have Beat Making Software Download satirized this. Beat Making Software Download One includes Saint Peter asking for a user name and a password before admitting a man into Beat Making Software Download Heaven. Beat Making Software Download Another illustrates "the off-line store" where "All items are Beat Making Software Download actual size!", where shoppers may "Take it home as soon as you pay for it!", and where "Merchandise may be handled prior to purchase!". Beat Making Software Download |
