A download manager Download Hawthorn Font is a computer program dedicated to the task of downloading (and sometime uploading) possibly unrelated stand-alone files from (and sometime to) Download Hawthorn Font the Internet for storage. Download Hawthorn Font This is unlike a World Wide Web browser, which is mainly intended Download Hawthorn Font to browse web pages, composed of a multitude of smaller Download Hawthorn Font files, where error-free moving of files for permanent storage is of secondary importance. (A failed or incomplete web page Download Hawthorn Font file rarely ruins the page.) The typical download manager at a minimum provides means to recover from Safeguard Easy Download errors without losing the work already completed, and can optionally split the file to be downloaded (or uploaded) into 2 or more segments, which are then moved in parallel, potentially making the process faster within the limits Download Hawthorn Font of the Srf File Download available bandwidth. (A few servers are known to block moving files in parallel segments, on the principle that server capacity should be shared equally by all users.) Multi-source is the name given to files that Download Hawthorn Font are downloaded in parallel.
There are Download Hawthorn Font several things that some Download Hawthorn Font web browsers are Download Hawthorn Font not very good at. That's where the download managers enter the equation:
Pausing the downloading of large Download Hawthorn Font files.
Resuming broken or Download Hawthorn Font paused downloads (especially for Download Hawthorn Font very large files).
Downloading files on poor connections.
Downloading several files from a site automatically according to Download Hawthorn Font simple rules (file types, updated files, etc. - see also Offline Browser).
Automatic recursive downloads Download Hawthorn Font (mirroring).
Scheduled Download Hawthorn Font downloads (including, automatic hang-up and shutdown).
Searching for mirror sites, and the Download Hawthorn Font handling of different connections to download the same file more quickly (segmented downloading).
Download managers are useful for Download Hawthorn Font active Internet users. For dial-up Download Hawthorn Font users, they can Download Hawthorn Font automatically dial the internet service provider at night, when rates or tariffs are usually lower, download the specified files, and hang-up. They can record which links Download Hawthorn Font the user clicks on during the day, and Download Hawthorn Font queue these files for later download. For broadband users, download managers can help download very large files Download Hawthorn Font by resuming broken downloads, by limiting the bandwidth used, so that other internet activities are not affected (slowed) and the server is not overloaded, or by automatically navigating a site and downloading pre-specified content (photo galleries, MP3 collections, etc.) this can also include automatically downloading whole sites and regularly updating them (see Mirroring).
Many download managers support Metalink, an Download Hawthorn Font XML file listing mirrors, checksums, and other information useful for downloading.
See below for some examples of Download Hawthorn Font commonly used download managers. Some downloaders are optimized for a certain function. For example, Offline Explorer is designed to download entire websites.
Download managers, such as Go!Zilla, were among the first adware applications Download Hawthorn Font displaying a banner ad in the user interface.
Related Download Hawthorn Font to download managers are two other breeds of Internet programs, file-sharing peer-to-peer applications (Kazaa, eMule, BitTorrent, Gnutella) and stream recorders (such as StreamBox VCR).
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While download managers are designed to Download Hawthorn Font give users greater control over Download Hawthorn Font downloads, some downloaders are created to give that control to content distributors instead. Some software companies, for example Adobe [1], provide such downloaders for downloading software on their own site. Presumably this increases reliability and reduces tech support costs to them. A possible reason is increasing the control over redistribution of their software (even when the Download Hawthorn Font software Download Hawthorn Font is freeware).In computer technology and telecommunication, on-line and off-line are defined by Federal Standard 1037C. They are states or conditions of a "device or equipment" or of "a functional unit". To be considered on-line, Download Hawthorn Font a device must be at Download Hawthorn Font least one of:
"Under the direct control of another device"
"Under the direct control of the system with which it is associated"
"Available for immediate use on demand by the Download Hawthorn Font system without human intervention"
"Connected to a Download Hawthorn Font system, and is in operation"
"Functional and ready for service"
while a device that is off-line is not (e.g. it has "its main power source disconnected Download Hawthorn Font or turned off", and is "off-power").
One example of a common use Download Hawthorn Font of these concepts is Download Hawthorn Font a Mail Download Hawthorn Font User Agent that can be instructed Download Hawthorn Font to be in either "on-line" or "off-line" Download Hawthorn Font states. One such MUA is Microsoft Outlook. When it Download Hawthorn Font is "on-line" it Download Hawthorn Font will attempt to connect to mail servers (to check for new mail at regular intervals, for example), and Download Hawthorn Font when it Download Hawthorn Font is "off-line" it will not attempt to make any such connections. The "on-line" or "off-line" state of the MUA does not necessarily reflect Download Hawthorn Font the connection status between the computer on which it is running and Internet. The user Download Hawthorn Font may have the computer itself on-line, connected to Internet via a cable Download Hawthorn Font modem or an ADSL connection, but may wish for Outlook to be off-line, so that Download Hawthorn Font it makes no attempt to send or to Download Hawthorn Font receive messages. Or Download Evo2-sync the computer may be configured to employ a dial-up connection Download Hawthorn Font on demand (whenever an application such as Download Hawthorn Font Outlook attempts to Download Hawthorn Font make connection to a server), but the connection may be an expensive telephone call from the particular location in which the computer currently Download Hawthorn Font happens to be (such as a hotel room) and Download Hawthorn Font the user may not wish Outlook to trigger making that call Download Hawthorn Font every 5 or 10 minutes to check for mail.[1]
Another example of the use of these Download Hawthorn Font concepts is in the world of digital audio technology. A tape recorder, digital editor, or other device that is "on-line" is one whose clock is under the Download Hawthorn Font control of the clock Download Hawthorn Font of a "synchronization master" device. When the sync master commences playback, the "on-line" device automatically synchronizes itself to the master and commences playing from the Free Download Pcanywhere same point in the recording. Whereas a device that is "off-line" uses no external clock reference Download Hawthorn Font and relies upon its own internal clock. When a large number of devices are connected to a Download Hawthorn Font sync master, it is often Download Hawthorn Font convenient, Download Hawthorn Font if one wants to hear just the output of one single device, to Download Hawthorn Font take Download Hawthorn Font it off-line, because if Download Hawthorn Font the device is played back on-line all synchronized devices have to locate the playback point and wait for each other to be in synchronization.[2] (For further related discussion, see Download Hawthorn Font MIDI timecode, word sync, and recording system synchronization.)
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A third Download Hawthorn Font example of Download Hawthorn Font a common use of these Download Hawthorn Font concepts is a web browser that can be instructed Download Hawthorn Font to be in either "on-line" or "off-line" Download Hawthorn Font states. The browser only attempts to fetch pages from servers whilst in Download Hawthorn Font the "on-line" state. In the "off-line" state, users can perform Download Hawthorn Font offline browsing, where pages can be browsed using local copies of those pages that have previously been downloaded whilst in the Download Hawthorn Font "on-line" state. This can Download Hawthorn Font be useful when the computer itself is also off-line, with connection to Internet expensive or impossible. The pages are either Download Hawthorn Font downloaded implicitly into the web browser's Download Hawthorn Font own cache, as a result of prior on-line browsing by the user, or explicitly by the browser being configured to keep local copies Download Hawthorn Font of Download Hawthorn Font certain web pages, which it keeps updated when the browser Download Hawthorn Font is in the on-line state, either by checking that the Download Hawthorn Font local Download Hawthorn Font copies are up-to-date at regular intervals or Download Hawthorn Font by checking that Download Hawthorn Font the Download Hawthorn Font local copies are up-to-date whenever the browser is Download Hawthorn Font switched to the on-line state. One such web browser capable of being explicitly configured to download Download Hawthorn Font pages for offline Download Hawthorn Font browsing Download Hawthorn Font is Internet Explorer. Download Hawthorn Font When pages are added to the "Favourites" list, they can be marked Download Hawthorn Font for being Download Hawthorn Font made "available for offline browsing". Internet Explorer will download to Download Hawthorn Font local copies both the marked page and, optionally, Download Hawthorn Font all of the pages that it links to. In Internet Explorer version 6, the level of direct and indirect links, the Download Hawthorn Font maximum amount of local Download Server Software Free disc space allowed Download Hawthorn Font to be consumed, Download Hawthorn Font and Download Hawthorn Font the schedule Download Hawthorn Font on which local copies are checked to see whether they Download Hawthorn Font are up-to-date, are configurable for Download Hawthorn Font each individual "Favourite" Download Hawthorn Font entry.
See also:
Offline browsing known as Download Hawthorn Font "Offline favourites" was removed as a feature in the most recent version of Internet Explorer 7, which only now supports single web page saving, but not browsing or storing an entire site offline.[citation needed]
Similarly, off-line storage is computer storage that is not "available for immediate use on demand by the system Download Hawthorn Font without human intervention", i.e it is storage that is off-line.
The ideas of Download Hawthorn Font "on-line" and "off-line" have been generalized from computing and telecommunication into Download Hawthorn Font the field of human interpersonal relationships. The distinction between what is considered "on-line" and what is considered "off-line" has become a subject of study in the field of sociology.[7]
The distinction between "on-line" and "off-line" is conventionally seen as Download Hawthorn Font the distinction between computer-mediated communication and face-to-face communication (e.g. face time), respectively. "On-line" is virtuality, and "off-line" is reality (e.g. real life or meatspace). Slater states that this Download Hawthorn Font distinction is "obviously far too simple". To support his argument that the distinctions in relationships are Download Hawthorn Font more complex than a simple Download Hawthorn Font "on-line"/"off-line" dichotomy, he observes that some people draw no distinction between an "on-line" relationship, such as indulging in cybersex, and an "off-line" relationship, such as being pen-pals. He also argues that even the telephone can be regarded as an "on-line" Download Hawthorn Font experience in some circumstances, and that Download Hawthorn Font the blurring Download Hawthorn Font of Download Hawthorn Font the distinctions between the uses of various technologies (such as PDA and mobile telephone, television and Internet, and telephone Download Hawthorn Font and voice-over-IP) has Download Hawthorn Font made it "impossible to use the Download Hawthorn Font term 'on-line' meaningfully Download Hawthorn Font in the sense that was employed Fruity Loops Program Download by the first generation of Internet research".[7]
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Slater asserts that Download Hawthorn Font there are legal and regulatory pressures to reduce the distinction between "on-line" and "off-line", with a "general tendency to assimilate online to offline and erase the Download Hawthorn Font distinction", stressing, however, that this does not mean Download Hawthorn Font that on-line relationships are being reduced to pre-existing off-line relationships. He conjectures that greater legal status may be assigned to on-line relationships (pointing out that contractual relationships, such as Download Hawthorn Font business transactions, on-line are already seen as just as "real" Download Hawthorn Font as their Download Hawthorn Font off-line counterparts), Tortoisesvn Download although he states it to be hard to imagine courts awarding palimony to people who have had a purely on-line sexual relationship. He also conjectures that an "on-line"/"off-line" distinction may be seen by people as Download Hawthorn Font "rather quaint Download Hawthorn Font and not quite comprehensible" within 10 years.[7]
The distinction where Download Hawthorn Font "on-line" is seen as virtuality and "off-line" as reality is sometimes inverted, with "on-line" concepts being used Download Hawthorn Font to define and Download Hawthorn Font to explain "off-line" activities, rather than (as per the conventions of the desktop metaphor with Download Hawthorn Font its Download Hawthorn Font Free Wxtoimg Download desktops, trash cans, folders, and so forth) the other way around. Several cartoons by The Download Hawthorn Font New Yorker have satirized this. One includes Saint Peter asking for a user name Download Hawthorn Font and a password before admitting a man into Heaven. Another Download Hawthorn Font illustrates "the off-line store" where "All Download Hawthorn Font items are actual size!", where shoppers may Download Hawthorn Font "Take it home as soon as you pay for it!", and where "Merchandise may Download Hawthorn Font be handled prior to Download Hawthorn Font purchase!". |
