A download manager is a computer program dedicated Princess Elfina Episode Download to the task of downloading (and sometime Princess Elfina Episode Download uploading) possibly unrelated stand-alone files from (and sometime to) Princess Elfina Episode Download the Internet for storage. This is Princess Elfina Episode Download unlike a World Wide Web browser, which is mainly intended to browse web pages, Princess Elfina Episode Download composed of a multitude of smaller files, where error-free moving of files for permanent storage is of secondary importance. (A failed or incomplete web page file rarely ruins the page.) The typical Princess Elfina Episode Download download manager at a minimum provides means Princess Elfina Episode Download to Princess Elfina Episode Download recover from errors without losing the work already completed, and can optionally split the file Princess Elfina Episode Download to Princess Elfina Episode Download be downloaded Princess Elfina Episode Download (or Download Current Movies Free uploaded) into 2 or more segments, which are then moved in parallel, potentially making the process faster Princess Elfina Episode Download within the limits of the available bandwidth. (A few servers are known to block moving files Princess Elfina Episode Download in Princess Elfina Episode Download parallel segments, on the principle Princess Elfina Episode Download that server capacity Fill In Puzzle Download should be shared equally by all users.) Multi-source is the name given to files that are downloaded Princess Elfina Episode Download in parallel.
There are several things that some Princess Elfina Episode Download web browsers are not very good at. That's where the download managers enter the equation:
Pausing the downloading of large files.
Resuming broken or paused downloads (especially for very large files).
Downloading files on poor connections.
Downloading Princess Elfina Episode Download several files from a site automatically according to simple Princess Elfina Episode Download rules (file Princess Elfina Episode Download types, updated files, etc. - see also Offline Browser).
Automatic recursive downloads (mirroring).
Scheduled downloads (including, automatic hang-up Princess Elfina Episode Download and shutdown).
Searching for mirror sites, and the handling of different connections to Princess Elfina Episode Download download the same War Craft Download file more quickly Princess Elfina Episode Download (segmented Princess Elfina Episode Download downloading).
Download managers are useful for active Princess Elfina Episode Download Internet users. For dial-up users, Princess Elfina Episode Download they can automatically dial the internet service provider at night, when rates or tariffs are usually lower, download the specified files, and hang-up. Princess Elfina Episode Download They can record Princess Elfina Episode Download which links the user clicks on during the day, and queue these files for later download. For Princess Elfina Episode Download broadband Princess Elfina Episode Download users, download managers can help download very Princess Elfina Episode Download large files by resuming broken downloads, by limiting Princess Elfina Episode Download the bandwidth used, so that other internet activities are not Princess Elfina Episode Download affected (slowed) and the server is not Princess Elfina Episode Download overloaded, or by automatically navigating a site and Princess Elfina Episode Download downloading Princess Elfina Episode Download pre-specified content (photo galleries, MP3 collections, etc.) this Princess Elfina Episode Download can also Princess Elfina Episode Download include automatically downloading whole sites and regularly updating them (see Princess Elfina Episode Download Mirroring).
Many Princess Elfina Episode Download download managers support Metalink, an XML file listing mirrors, checksums, and other Princess Elfina Episode Download information useful for downloading.
See Princess Elfina Episode Download below for some examples of commonly used download managers. Princess Elfina Episode Download Some downloaders are optimized for a certain function. For example, Offline Explorer is designed to download entire websites.
Download managers, such as Princess Elfina Episode Download Go!Zilla, were among the first adware Princess Elfina Episode Download applications displaying a banner ad in the Princess Elfina Episode Download user interface.
Related to download managers are two other breeds Princess Elfina Episode Download of Internet programs, file-sharing peer-to-peer applications (Kazaa, Princess Elfina Episode Download eMule, BitTorrent, Gnutella) and stream recorders (such as StreamBox VCR).
While download managers are designed Princess Elfina Episode Download to give users greater control over downloads, some downloaders are created to Princess Elfina Episode Download give that control to content distributors instead. Some software companies, for example Adobe [1], provide such downloaders for downloading software on their own Princess Elfina Episode Download site. Presumably this increases reliability and reduces tech support costs Princess Elfina Episode Download to them. A possible reason is increasing the control over redistribution of their software (even when Princess Elfina Episode Download the software is Princess Elfina Episode Download freeware).In computer technology and telecommunication, on-line and off-line are defined by Federal Standard 1037C. They are states or conditions of a "device or Princess Elfina Episode Download equipment" or of "a functional unit". Princess Elfina Episode Download To be considered on-line, Princess Elfina Episode Download a device must be at least one Princess Elfina Episode Download of:
"Under the direct control of another device"
"Under the direct control of the Princess Elfina Episode Download system with which it Princess Elfina Episode Download is associated"
"Available for immediate Princess Elfina Episode Download use on demand by the system without human intervention"
"Connected Scarface Game Pc Download Cd to a system, and is in operation"
"Functional and ready for service"
while a device that is off-line is not (e.g. it has "its main power source disconnected or turned Princess Elfina Episode Download off", and Princess Elfina Episode Download is "off-power").
One example of Princess Elfina Episode Download a common use of these concepts is Princess Elfina Episode Download a Mail User Agent that can be instructed to be in either "on-line" or "off-line" states. Princess Elfina Episode Download One such MUA is Princess Elfina Episode Download Microsoft Outlook. When it is "on-line" it will attempt to connect to mail servers (to check for new mail at Princess Elfina Episode Download regular intervals, for example), and when it is "off-line" it will not attempt to make any such connections. The "on-line" or "off-line" state of the MUA does Princess Elfina Episode Download not necessarily reflect the connection status between Princess Elfina Episode Download the computer on which it is running and Internet. The user may have the computer itself on-line, connected to Internet via Princess Elfina Episode Download a Princess Elfina Episode Download cable modem or an ADSL connection, but may Princess Elfina Episode Download wish for Outlook to be off-line, so that it makes no attempt to send or to receive messages. Or the Princess Elfina Episode Download computer may be Princess Elfina Episode Download configured to employ a dial-up connection Download Java For Internet Explorer on demand (whenever an application such as Outlook attempts to make connection to a server), but the connection may be an expensive telephone call from the particular location in which Princess Elfina Episode Download the computer currently happens to be (such as a hotel room) and the user may not wish Outlook Princess Elfina Episode Download to trigger making that call every 5 or 10 minutes to check for mail.[1]
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Another example of the use of these concepts is in the world of digital audio technology. A tape recorder, Princess Elfina Episode Download digital editor, Princess Elfina Episode Download or other device that is "on-line" is one whose clock is under the control of the clock of a "synchronization master" device. When the sync master commences playback, the "on-line" device Princess Elfina Episode Download automatically synchronizes itself to the master and Princess Elfina Episode Download commences playing from Princess Elfina Episode Download the same point in the recording. Whereas a device that is "off-line" uses no external clock reference and relies upon its own internal Princess Elfina Episode Download clock. When a large number of devices are connected to a sync master, it is often convenient, if one wants to hear just the Princess Elfina Episode Download output of one single device, to take it off-line, because if the device is played back on-line all synchronized devices have to Princess Elfina Episode Download locate the Princess Elfina Episode Download playback point and wait for each other to be in synchronization.[2] Princess Elfina Episode Download (For further related discussion, see MIDI timecode, word sync, and Princess Elfina Episode Download recording system synchronization.)
A third example of a common Princess Elfina Episode Download use of these concepts is a web browser that can be instructed to be in either "on-line" or "off-line" Princess Elfina Episode Download states. The browser only attempts to fetch pages from servers whilst in the "on-line" Princess Elfina Episode Download state. In the "off-line" state, users can perform offline browsing, where pages can be browsed using local copies Princess Elfina Episode Download of Princess Elfina Episode Download those Princess Elfina Episode Download pages that have previously been downloaded whilst Princess Elfina Episode Download in the "on-line" state. This can be useful Princess Elfina Episode Download when the computer itself is also off-line, with connection to Internet expensive or Princess Elfina Episode Download impossible. The pages are either downloaded implicitly into the web browser's own cache, as a result of prior on-line browsing by the user, or Princess Elfina Episode Download explicitly by the browser being configured to keep local copies of certain web pages, which it keeps updated when the browser Princess Elfina Episode Download is in the on-line state, either by checking that the local copies Princess Elfina Episode Download are up-to-date at regular Princess Elfina Episode Download intervals or Princess Elfina Episode Download by checking that the local Princess Elfina Episode Download copies are up-to-date whenever the Princess Elfina Episode Download browser is switched Princess Elfina Episode Download to the on-line state. One such web browser capable of being explicitly configured to download pages for Princess Elfina Episode Download offline browsing is Internet Explorer. When pages are Princess Elfina Episode Download added to the "Favourites" list, they can be marked for being made "available for offline browsing". Internet Explorer will download to local copies both the marked page and, optionally, all of the pages that it links to. In Internet Explorer version 6, the level of direct and indirect links, the maximum amount of local disc space allowed to be consumed, and the schedule on which local copies are checked to see whether they are up-to-date, are configurable for each individual "Favourite" entry.
See also:
Offline browsing known as "Offline favourites" was removed as a feature in the most recent Princess Elfina Episode Download version of Internet Princess Elfina Episode Download Explorer 7, which only now supports single web page saving, but not browsing or storing an entire site offline.[citation needed]
Similarly, off-line storage is computer storage that is not "available Princess Elfina Episode Download for immediate use on Princess Elfina Episode Download demand by the system without human intervention", i.e it is Princess Elfina Episode Download storage that is off-line.
The Princess Elfina Episode Download ideas of Princess Elfina Episode Download "on-line" and "off-line" Princess Elfina Episode Download have been generalized from computing and telecommunication into the Princess Elfina Episode Download field of human interpersonal relationships. Princess Elfina Episode Download The distinction between what is considered "on-line" and what is considered "off-line" Princess Elfina Episode Download has become a subject of study in the Princess Elfina Episode Download field of sociology.[7]
The distinction between "on-line" and "off-line" is conventionally seen Princess Elfina Episode Download as the distinction between computer-mediated communication and face-to-face communication (e.g. face time), respectively. "On-line" is virtuality, and Princess Elfina Episode Download "off-line" is reality Princess Elfina Episode Download (e.g. real life or meatspace). Slater states that this distinction is "obviously far Princess Elfina Episode Download too Princess Elfina Episode Download simple". To support his Vegas Pro Free Download argument that the distinctions in relationships are more complex than a simple "on-line"/"off-line" dichotomy, he observes that some people draw no distinction between an "on-line" relationship, such as indulging in Princess Elfina Episode Download cybersex, and an "off-line" relationship, such as being pen-pals. He also argues Princess Elfina Episode Download that even the telephone can be regarded as an "on-line" experience in some circumstances, and that the Princess Elfina Episode Download blurring of the distinctions between the uses of various technologies (such Princess Elfina Episode Download as PDA and mobile telephone, television and Internet, and telephone and voice-over-IP) has Princess Elfina Episode Download made it "impossible to use the term 'on-line' meaningfully in the sense that was employed by the first generation of Internet research".[7]
Slater asserts that there are legal and regulatory pressures to reduce the distinction between "on-line" and "off-line", with a "general tendency to assimilate online to offline and erase the distinction", stressing, however, that this does not mean that on-line relationships are being reduced to pre-existing off-line relationships. He Princess Elfina Episode Download conjectures that greater legal status may be assigned to on-line relationships (pointing Princess Elfina Episode Download out that contractual relationships, such as business transactions, on-line are already seen as just Download Classical Music Free as "real" as their off-line counterparts), although he states it to be hard to imagine courts Princess Elfina Episode Download awarding palimony to people who have had a purely on-line sexual relationship. He also conjectures that an "on-line"/"off-line" distinction may be seen by people as "rather quaint and not quite comprehensible" within 10 years.[7]
The distinction where "on-line" is seen as virtuality Princess Elfina Episode Download and "off-line" as reality is sometimes inverted, Princess Elfina Episode Download with "on-line" concepts being used to define and to Princess Elfina Episode Download explain "off-line" Princess Elfina Episode Download activities, rather than (as per the conventions of the desktop metaphor Princess Elfina Episode Download with its desktops, trash cans, Princess Elfina Episode Download folders, and so forth) the other way around. Several cartoons by The New Yorker have satirized this. One includes Saint Peter asking for a user name and Princess Elfina Episode Download a password before admitting a man into Heaven. Another illustrates "the off-line store" where "All items are actual size!", where shoppers may "Take it home as soon as you Princess Elfina Episode Download pay for it!", and where "Merchandise may be handled prior to purchase!". |
