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A market-focused, or customer-focused, organization first determines what its potential customers desire, and then builds the product or service. Marketing theory and practice is justified in the belief that customers use a product Cheap Graduate Credits or service because they Cheap Graduate Credits have a need, or because it provides a perceived benefit. Two major factors of marketing are the recruitment of new customers (acquisition) and Cheap Graduate Credits the retention and expansion of relationships with existing customers Cheap Security Cameras (base management). Once a marketer has converted the prospective buyer, base management marketing takes Cheap Graduate Credits over. The process for base management shifts the marketer to building Cheap Graduate Credits a relationship, nurturing the links, enhancing the benefits Cheap Graduate Credits that sold the buyer

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in the first place, and improving the product/service continuously to protect the business from competitive encroachments. For a marketing plan to be successful, the mix of the four "Ps" must reflect the wants and desires of the Cheap Graduate Credits consumers or Shoppers in the target Cheap Bamboo Blinds market. Trying to convince a market segment to buy something they don't Cheap Graduate Credits want is extremely expensive and Cheap Graduate Credits seldom successful. Marketers depend on insights from marketing research, both formal and informal, to determine Cheap Graduate Credits what consumers want and what they are Cheap Graduate Credits willing to pay for. Marketers hope that this process will give them a sustainable competitive advantage. Marketing management is the practical application of this process. The

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offer Cheap Graduate Credits is also an important addition to the 4P's theory. Within most organizations, the activities encompassed by the marketing function are led by a Vice President or Cheap Graduate Credits Director of Marketing. A growing number of organizations, especially large US companies, have a Chief Marketing Cheap Graduate Credits Officer position, reporting to the Chief Executive Officer. The American Marketing Cheap Graduate Credits Association Cheap Graduate Credits (AMA) states, �Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value Cheap Graduate Credits for Cheap Graduate Credits customers, clients, partners, Cheap Graduate Credits and society at large.". Marketing methods are informed by many of Cheap Graduate Credits the social sciences, particularly psychology, sociology, and

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economics. Anthropology is also a small, Cheap Bong but growing influence. Market research underpins these activities. Through Cheap Graduate Credits advertising, it is also related to many of the creative arts. Marketing is Cheap Graduate Credits a Cheap Graduate Credits wide and heavily interconnected subject with extensive publications. Cheap Graduate Credits It is also an area Cheap Graduate Credits of activity infamous for re-inventing itself and its vocabulary according to the Cheap Graduate Credits times and Cheap Flights To Delhi Sydney the culture. Many companies today have a customer focus (or customer orientation). This implies that the Cheap Graduate Credits company Cheap Graduate Credits focuses its activities and products on Cheap Graduate Credits consumer demands. Generally there are Cheap Graduate Credits three Cheap Graduate Credits ways of doing this: the customer-driven approach, the sense of identifying market changes and Make Cheap Wine the product innovation approach. In the consumer-driven approach, consumer wants are the drivers of all strategic marketing decisions. No Cheap Graduate Credits strategy is pursued until it passes

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the test of consumer research. Cheap Graduate Credits Every aspect of a market offering, including the nature of the product itself, is driven by the needs of potential consumers. The starting point is always the consumer. The rationale for this

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approach is that there is no point spending R&D funds developing products that people will not buy. History attests to many products that were commercial failures in spite of being technological breakthroughs. A formal approach to this Cheap Graduate Credits customer-focused marketing is known as SIVA[3] (Solution, Information, Value, Access). This system is basically the four Ps renamed and reworded to provide a customer focus. The SIVA Model provides a demand/customer centric version Cheap Graduate Credits alternative to the well-known 4Ps supply side model (product, price, place, promotion) of marketing management. In a Cheap Graduate Credits product innovation approach, the company pursues product Cheap Graduate Credits innovation, then Cheap Graduate Credits tries to develop a market for the product. Product innovation drives the process and marketing Cheap Graduate Credits research is conducted primarily to ensure Cheap Graduate Credits that Cheap Graduate Credits a profitable market segment(s) exists Cheap Graduate Credits for the innovation. The Cheap Graduate Credits rationale is that customers may not know what options will be available Cheap Graduate Credits to them in Cheap Graduate Credits the future so we should not expect them to tell us what they Cheap Graduate Credits will buy in Cheap Graduate Credits the future. However, marketers can aggressively over-pursue Cheap Graduate Credits product innovation and try to overcapitalize on a niche. When pursuing a product innovation approach, marketers must ensure that they have a varied and multi-tiered approach to product innovation. It is claimed that if Thomas Edison depended on marketing research he would have produced larger candles rather than inventing light bulbs. Many firms, Cheap Graduate Credits such as research and development focused companies, successfully focus on product Cheap Graduate Credits innovation (Such as Nintendo who constantly Cheap Graduate Credits change the way Cheap Flight Ireland Video games are played).

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Many purists doubt whether this is really a form of marketing orientation at Cheap Graduate Credits all, because of the ex post status of consumer research. Cheap Graduate Credits Some even question whether it is marketing.