A market-focused, or customer-focused, organization first determines what its potential customers desire, and then builds the Cheap Flights Italy Sydney product or service. Marketing theory and practice is justified in the belief that customers use a product Cheap Flights Italy Sydney or service because they have a Cheap Flights Italy Sydney need, or because it provides a perceived benefit.
Two major factors of marketing are Cheap Flights Italy Sydney the recruitment of new customers (acquisition) and the retention and expansion of relationships with existing customers (base management). Once a marketer has converted the Cheap Flights Italy Sydney prospective buyer, base management marketing takes over. The process for base management shifts the marketer to building a relationship, nurturing the links, enhancing the Cheap Flights Italy Sydney benefits that sold the Cheap Flights Italy Sydney buyer in the Cheap Flights Italy Sydney first place, and improving the product/service Cheap Flights Italy Sydney continuously to protect the business from Cheap Flights Paris Ebookers competitive encroachments.
For a Cheap Flights Italy Sydney marketing plan to be successful, the mix of the four Cheap Flights Italy Sydney "Ps" must reflect the wants and desires of the consumers or Shoppers in the target market. Cheap Flights Italy Sydney Trying to convince a market segment to buy something Cheap Flights Italy Sydney they don't want is extremely expensive and seldom successful. Cheap Flights Italy Sydney Marketers depend on insights from marketing research, both formal and informal, to determine what consumers want and what they are Cheap Flights Italy Sydney willing to pay for. Marketers hope that this process will give them a sustainable competitive advantage. Marketing management is the practical application of this process. The offer is also an important addition to the 4P's theory.
Within most organizations, Cheap Flights From Rome Fiumicino the activities encompassed Cheap Flights Italy Sydney by the marketing function are led by a Vice President or Director of Marketing. Cheap Flights Italy Sydney A growing number of organizations, especially large US companies, have a Chief Marketing Officer position, reporting Cheap Flights Italy Sydney to the Chief Executive Officer.
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The Cheap Flights Italy Sydney American Marketing Association (AMA) Cheap Flights Italy Sydney Cheap Travel Deals Consolidator states, �Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and Cheap Flights Italy Sydney processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.".
Marketing methods are Cheap Flights Italy Sydney informed by many of Cheap Flights Italy Sydney the Cheap Flights Italy Sydney social sciences, particularly psychology, sociology, and economics. Anthropology is also a small, but growing influence. Market research underpins these Cheap Flights Italy Sydney activities. Through advertising, it Cheap Flights Italy Sydney is also Cheap Flights Italy Sydney related to many of the creative arts. Marketing is a wide and heavily interconnected subject with extensive publications. It is Cheap Flights Italy Sydney also an area of activity infamous for re-inventing itself and its vocabulary Cheap Flights Italy Sydney according to the Cheap Flights Italy Sydney times Cheap Flights Italy Sydney and the culture.
Many companies today have Cheap Flights Italy Sydney a customer focus (or customer orientation). This implies that the company focuses its activities and products on Cheap Flights Italy Sydney consumer Cheap Flights Italy Sydney demands. Generally there Cheap Flights Italy Sydney are three ways Cheap Flights Italy Sydney of doing this: the customer-driven approach, the sense of identifying market changes and the product innovation approach.
In the consumer-driven approach, consumer wants are the drivers of all strategic marketing Cheap Flights Italy Sydney decisions. No strategy is pursued until it passes the Cheap Flights Italy Sydney test of consumer research. Every aspect of a market offering, including the nature of the product itself, is driven by the needs of potential consumers. The starting point is always the consumer. The rationale for this approach is that there is no point spending R&D funds developing products that people will not buy. History attests to many Cheap Flights Italy Sydney products that were commercial failures in spite of being technological breakthroughs.
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A formal approach to this customer-focused marketing is known as SIVA[3] (Solution, Information, Value, Access). This system is basically the four Cheap Flights Italy Sydney Ps renamed and reworded to provide a customer focus.
The SIVA Model provides a demand/customer centric version alternative to the Cheap Flights Italy Sydney well-known 4Ps supply Cheap Flights Italy Sydney side model (product, price, place, Cheap Flights Italy Sydney promotion) of marketing management.
In a product innovation approach, the company pursues product innovation, then tries to develop a market for the Cheap Flights Italy Sydney product. Product Cheap Flights Italy Sydney innovation drives the process and marketing research is conducted primarily to ensure that a profitable market segment(s) exists Cheap Flights Italy Sydney for the innovation. The rationale is that customers may not know what options will be available to them in Cheap Flights Italy Sydney the future so we should not expect them to tell us what they will buy in the future. However, marketers can aggressively Cheap Flights Italy Sydney over-pursue product innovation and try to overcapitalize on a niche. When pursuing a product innovation approach, marketers must Cheap Flights Italy Sydney ensure that they Cheap Flights Italy Sydney have Cheap Flights Italy Sydney a varied and multi-tiered approach to product innovation. It is claimed that Cheap Flights Italy Sydney if Thomas Edison depended on marketing research he would have produced larger candles rather than inventing light bulbs. Many firms, such as research and development focused companies, Cheap Flights Italy Sydney successfully focus on product innovation Cheap Flights Italy Sydney (Such Cheap Flights Italy Sydney as Nintendo who constantly change the way Video games are Cheap Flights Italy Sydney played). Cheap Flights Italy Sydney Many Cheap Flights Italy Sydney purists doubt whether this is really a form of Cheap Flights Italy Sydney marketing orientation Cheap Digital Camera Uk at all, because of the ex post status of consumer research. Some even question whether it is marketing. |