Classification of Knowledge in Islam: A Study in Islamic Philosophies of Science

Abū According to al-Fārābi acquired intellect active intellect al-'ulum al-Fārābi al-Farabi's al-Ghazzāli al-laduniyah al-madani al-Madinat al-Risalat Arabic Aristotelian Aristotle Aristotle's astronomy Baghdad basis Book of Knowledge branches celestial certainty chapter classification commentary concerned D.M. Dunlop deals demonstrative discussion distinction divine division doctrines Durrat al-tāj esoteric ethical existence Fārābi fard ayn fiqh Ghazzāli hierarchy hikmat human Ibid Ibn Abi Usaibi'ah Ibn al-Nafis Ibn Sina idea Ihya imaginative faculty intellectual sciences intelligibles Islamic Philosophy kalām kifayah kinds Kitāb logic Mahdi Maraghah mathematics matter means metaphysics methodological Mishkāt Muslim mutakallimūn natural science perfect philosophical sciences Philosophy of Plato Plato Plato and Aristotle political science practical premises principles prophetic Qur'an Qutb al-Din rational faculty reality reason refers religion religious sciences revelation Risalat S.H. Nasr scholars sense Shari'ah soul spiritual Sufi Sufism syllogism Ta'limites Tahāfut term theoretical things traditional trans translation treatise truths virtues wisdom